Strengthen your NEET preparation with our carefully curated MCQs on Anatomy of Flowering Plants, based on the NCERT Class 11 Biology syllabus. This chapter covers important topics like tissues, tissue systems, anatomy of dicot and monocot roots, stems, leaves, and secondary growth — all of which are frequently asked in NEET.
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NEET MCQs Anatomy of Flowering Plants – Sample
- Cambium activity is
a) More active towards the periphery of stem
b) More active towards the lateral sides of stem
c) More active towards the inner side of stem
d) Same on the both sides - Cambium is a type of
a) Apical meristem
b) Intercalary meristem
c) Lateral meristem
d) Permanent of mature meristem - Pith is a central part of the ground tissues generally made up of
a) Parenchyma b) Collenchyma c) Chlorenchyma d) Sclerenchyma - Interfascicular cambium is found
a) Between pith and vascular bundle b) Between two vascular bundles
c) In the vascular bundle d) Outside the bundle - Meristematic tissue are
a) Premature having ability of division
b) Mature does not have ability of division
c) Premature not having ability of division
d) Complex differentiating in xylem, phloem and cambium - I. The 1° and 2° phloem get gradually crushed due to the continued formation and accumulation of 2°
xylem
II. 1° xylem remains more or less intact in or near the centre
III. Secondary growth results in an increase in the length of the axis
Select the correct statements
a) I and II b) II and III c) I and III d) I, II and III - Cork is used as the stopper for bottles, for shock absorption and insulation because of
a) It is light and compressible b) Non-reactive
c) Sufficiently resistant to fire d) All of the above - Medullary rays are formed by the
a) Radially placed parenchymatous cells between vascular bundles
b) Longitudinally placed parenchymatous cells between vascular bundles
c) Laterally placed parenchymatous cells between vascular bundles
d) Obliquely placed parenchymatous cells between vascular bundles - Identify 𝐴 to 𝐷 in the given diagram and choose the correct option a) A-Epidermal cell, B-Guard cell, C-Subsidiary cell, D-Chloroplast
b) A-Epidermal cell, B-Subsidiary cell, C-Chloroplast, D-Guard cell
c) A-Epidermal cell, B-Chloroplast, C-Subsidiary cell, D-Guard cell
d) A-Guard cell, B-Chloroplast, C-Subsidiary cell, D-Epidermal cell
Page 2|NEET BIOLOGY| ANATOMY OF FLOWERING PLANTS.
- The jute fibres anatomically are
a) Bast fibres b) Cortical fibres c) Xylem fibres d) Pith fibres - The merismatic tissue responsible for the cutting of vascular tissue (xylem and phloem) is called
a) Cork cambium b) Vascular cambium c) Lateral meristem d) Endodermis - Secondary phloem of a dicot root is made up of
I. sieve tube
II. companion cell
III. phloem parenchyma
Select the correct option for given statement
a) I and II b) II and III c) I and III d) All of these - The internal structure of a plant stem is observed. There is a discontinuous ring of angular collenchyma
below the epidermis. Type of vascular bundles are of the same type as in the stems of solanaceous plants.
Sieve tube elements possess simple sieve plates, identify the plant.
a) Helianthus b) Cucurbi ta c) Zea mays d) Hydrilla - The innermost layer of cortex is called
a) Epidermis b) Casparian strips c) Endodermis d) Pericycle - Amphistomatic leaf is
a) Dicotyledonous leaf b) Monocotyledonous leaf
c) Both (a) and (b) d) None of these - Which is not a characteristic of plant cell walls?
a) Found only in the sporophyte phase of life cycle
b) Among other compounds contains compounds built of simple sugars
c) May contain enzymes that are biologically active
d) Often contain strengthening polymers - The ring arrangement of vascular bundle is the characteristic feature of
a) Dicot root b) Monocot root c) Monocot stem d) Dicot stem - Primary meristem is
a) Apical meristem b) Intercalary meristem
c) Root apical meristem and shoot apical meristem d) Both (a) and (b) - I. These tissue are found as layers or patches
II. It consists of cells which are thickened at the corners
III. It often contains chloroplast
IV. Intercellular spaces are absent
V. They provide mechanical support to growing parts of plants
The above characters are attributed to
a) Vascular tissue b) Collenchyma
c) Parenchyma d) Simple sclerenchyma - Examples for lateral meristems are
a) Phellogen and procambium b) Fascicular cambium and procambium
c) Procambium and dermatogen d) Fascicular cambium and cork cambium - Medullary or pith ray is the
a) Radial strip of parenchyma which is present between vascular bundles
b) Radial strip of collenchyma which is present between vascular bundles
c) Radial strip of sclerenchyma which is present between vascular bundles
d) The another name of stele - Which of the function in the given options does not belongs to the monocot root?
a) Conduction of water from the root hairs to the inner tissue
b) Storage of food
c) The outer most layer or layers of the cortex produce protective exodermis in the older roots
d) Presence of secondary growth
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- Conjoint vascular bundles are common in
a) Roots b) Stems c) Leaves d) Both (b) and (c) - Periderm is produced from
a) Cork cambium b) Procambium c) Secondary cortex d) Vascular cambium - In stem, the xylem is
a) Exarch b) Mesarch c) Endarch d) All of these - Root apical meristem is derived from the
a) Plumule part of embryo
b) Scutellum part of embryo
c) Radical part of embryo
d) Endosperm part of embryo - Which of the following plants shows multiple epidermis?
a) Croton b) Allium c) Nerium d) Cucurbita - The growth of root and stem in length with the help of apical meristem is called …A…. Apart from primary
growth most dicotyledonous plant exhibit an increase in girth called …B…
Choose the correct combination of A, B and C in respect to the above paragraph
a) A-primary growth; B-secondary growth b) A-secondary growth; B-primary growth
c) A-secondary growth; B-tertiary growth d) A-primary growth; B-tertiary growth - Which of the following statement is correct?
a) Study of the internal structure is called anatomy
b) Plants have cells as the basic unit cells, are organised into tissues
c) Tissues are organised into organs
d) All of the above - In monocotyledonous stem, the vascular bundles are
a) Conjoint and open
b) Conjoint and closed
c) Scattered through out the ground tissue
d) Both (b) and (c) - Select the wrong statements
I. Primary and secondary phloem gets crushed during secondary growth
II. During secondary growth, primary xylem remains more or less intact
a) I is correct and II is incorrect b) II is correct and I is incorrect
c) Both are incorrect d) Both are correct - I. Fat
II. Protein
III. Sugar
IV. Salt
Which of the above is/are present in higher concentration with the meristematic cells?
a) Only I b) I and II c) Only IV d) III and IV - G H Shull observed inbreeding depression in a plant. Miller and Letham isolated a hormone from the
immature seeds of that plant. Which of the following characters is not associated with the plant?
a) Atactostelic condition in stem
b) Bundle sheath in leaf
c) Chromosomal number of endospermous cell is 30
d) Medulla absent in the root - The position of protoxylem in leaf is
a) Adaxial b) Abaxial
c) Surrounded by metaxylem d) Lateral
Page 4 |
35.The inner, darker and harder portion of secondary xylem that cannot conduct water, in an older dicot
stem, is called
a) Alburnum b) Bast c) Wood d) Duramen
- The cells arranged in multiple layers between the epidermis and pericycle is called
a) Pith b) Stele c) Medullary rays d) Cortex - Hardness of seed coats is due to the presence of
a) Sclerenchymatous fibres b) Sclereids
c) Bast d) Stone cells - Epidermis is derived from
a) Cambium b) Primary xylem c) Secondary xylem d) Protoderm - The activity of cambium in plants is under the control of
a) Many physiological factors
b) Many environmental factors
c) Only water availability
d) Both (a) and (b) - Bark includes
I. phellogen
II. phellem
III. secondary phloem
IV. secondary xylem
Select the correct combination
a) Only I b) I, II and III c) Only III d) All of these - Initiation of lateral roots and vascular cambium during secondary growth organs occurs due to activity of
a) Endodermis b) Pericycle c) Casparian strip d) Periderm - I. Sunflower seed
II. A wheat leaf
III. Pea plant
IV. Leaf blade of grass
Bulliform cells are present in which of the above plants?
a) I and II b) II and III c) III and IV d) II and IV - I. Vessel, II. Tracheids, III. Companion cells
Which of the following is/are living cells?
a) I and II b) Only III c) II and III d) Only I - Vascular bundles, in which xylem and phloem occur as separate bundles are known as
a) Collateral b) Bicollateral c) Radial d) Amphivasal - In old trees, the greater part of secondary xylem is dark brown due to the
a) Deposition of inorganic material b) Deposition of organic material
c) Activity of cambium d) Activity of secondary xylem - Conjuctive tissue is made up of
a) Parenchymatous cells, i.e., in between the xylem
and phloem
b) Sclerenchymatous cells, i.e., in between the xylem
and phloem
c) Collenchymatous cells, i.e., in between the xylem
and phloem
d) Merismatic cells, i.e., in between the xylem and
phloem - I. Peripheral vascular bundles are smaller than the centrally located vascular bundles
II. Phloem parenchyma is absent
III. Water parenchyma cavities are present within the vascular bundles
Which of the above characters belong to the monocotyledonous stem?
a) I and II b) II and III
c) III and I d) I, II and III - Early wood is formed in dicot plant during
a) Spring season b) Winter season c) Autumn season d) Summer season
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- The meristem which is particularly present in the mature regions of roots and shoots and produce woody
axis and appear later than the primary meristem is called
a) Secondary meristem b) Intercalary meristem
c) Apical meristem d) Tertiary meristem - A monocot stem with secondary growth is
a) Lilium b) Cocos c) Yucca d) Asparagus - Vessels are absent in this angiosperm.
a) Mangifera b) Magnolia c) Dillenia d) Drimys - Conjoint collateral closed vascular bundle is found in
a) Monocot stem b) Monocot root c) Dicot stem d) Dicot root - Palisade parenchyma is absent in leaves of
a) Sorghum b) Mustard c) Soyabean d) Gram - The tunica-corpus theory was proposed by
a) Hofmeister b) Nagelli c) Strasburger d) Schmidt - Alburnum is otherwise known as
a) Periderm b) Sapwood c) Heartwood d) Bark - Roots apical meristem occupies the …A… of roots, while shoot apical meristem occupies the distant most
region of the …B… axis
Complete the above sentence with the correct combination of A and B
a) A-tip; B-stem b) A-side; B-stem
c) A-laterally; B-root d) A-tip; B-meristamatic - Vascular bundle in the laves of dicots are surrounded by
a) Epidermis b) Bundle sheath cells c) Pericycle d) Both (a) and (c) - Intercalary meristem is a derivative of
a) Lateral meristem b) Promeristem c) Primary meristem d) Secondary meristem - Exchange of gases between the outer atmosphere and internal tissue of the stem takes place by (in dicot
stem)
a) Lenticels b) Stomata c) Hydathodes d) Pneumatophores - A nail is driven into the trunk of a 30 years old tree at a point 1 m above the soil level. The tree grows in
height at the rate of 0.5m a years. After three years, nail will be
a) 1 m above the soil b) 1.5 m above the soil
c) 2 m above the soil d) 2.5 m above the soil - Intrafascicular cambium is present in between the
a) Primary xylem and secondary xylem b) Secondary phloem and primary xylem
c) Primary xylem and secondary phloem d) Primary xylem and secondary phloem - In dicotyledonous roots, the initiation of lateral roots takes place in
a) Endodermal cells b) Cortical cells c) Epidermal cells d) Pericycle cells - The roots of angiosperms show exarch xylem and their stems have endarch bundles. These are continuous
throughout the change occurs in
a) Epicotyl region b) Hypocotyl region c) Upper part of root d) Lower part of stem - The stele found in monocot is
a) Haplostele b) Atactostele c) Dictyostele d) Actinostele - Largest number of chloroplast is found in
a) Palisade tissue b) Spongy tissue c) Transfusion tissue d) Bundle sheath cells - Ground tissue includes
a) All tissues except epidermis and vascular bundles
b) Epidermis and cortex
c) All tissues internal to endodermis
d) All tissues external to endodermis - Cambium is present in between
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a) Phloem and xylem b) Permanent mature cells
c) Collenchyma and sclerenchyma d) Collenchyma and parenchyma
- All the following statements regarding sieve tube elements are true except
a) Their end walls have perforated sieve plates which become impregnated with lignin at maturity
b) They possess peripheral cytoplasm as well as a large vacuole
c) Distinct proteinaceous inclusions, the P-proteins are seen evenly distributed throughout the lumen
d) Long, slender, tube-like structures arranged in longitudinal series - ‘Exarch’ is the condition of vascular bundles in which
a) Protoxylem lies toward the outside and
metaxylem lies inward
b) Metaxylem lies toward the outside and
protoxylem lies inward
c) Metaxylem lies toward the lateral side and
protoxylem lies inward
d) Protoxylem lies toward the lateral side and
metaxylem lies inward - Select the correct statements
I. Epidermal call have small amount of cytoplasm and a large vacuole
II. Waxy layer cuticle is absent in roots
III. Root hairs are unicellular, while stem hairs/trichomes are multicellular
IV. Trichomes are branched/unbranched, soft/stiff and secretory or transpiration preventive
V. Guard cells are dum-bell-shaped in dicots and bean-shaped in monocots (e.g., grass)
a) All except I and II b) All except III
c) All except II and IV d) All except IV - In dicot root, the vascular cambium are
a) Completely secondary in origin
b) Completely primary in origin
c) Secondary as well as primary in origin
d) Does not exist - I. Annual rigs are formed as a result of seasonal environmental conditions
II. Tracheids/vessels elements are larger during periods when water is abundant
III. Tracheids/vessels elements have thicker wall during periods of water deprivation
IV. Wood formed in the previous years is darker than newer wood
Select the combination of correct statements from the options given below
a) I and II b) II and IV c) I, II and III d) II, III and IV - Select the incorrect statements
I. Excessive loss of water is prevented by epidermis
II. Stomata develop from epidermal tissue
III. Photosynthesis is one of the primary function of leaf ground tissue
a) I and II b) II and III c) III and I d) None of the above - Which element of xylem is the characteristic feature of angiosperms?
a) Tracheids b) Phloem c) Vessels d) Xylem fibre - As compared to the dicot root, monocotyledon root have
a) More xylem bundles b) More phloem bundles
c) Less phloem bundles d) Less xylem bundles - The function of a vessel is conduction of
a) Food b) Water and minerals c) Hormones d) All of these - Complex tissue includes
a) Collenchyma b) Apical meristem c) Conducting tissue d) Idioblast - Identify the types of simple tissue given in the diagram 𝐴,𝐵 and C
Page| 7
a) A-Parenchyma, B-Sclerenchyma, C-Collenchyma
b) A-Parenchyma, B-Collenchyma, C-Sclerenchyma
c) A-Sclerenchyma, B-Collenchyma, C-Parenchyma
d) A-Sclerenchyma, B-Parenchyma, C-Collenchyma
- In the diagram of TS of stele of dicot root, the different parts have been indicated by alphabets, choose the
answer in which these alphabets correctly match with the parts they indicate. a) 1. Endodermis, B- Conjuctive tissue, C- Metaxylem, D- Protoxylem, E- Phloem, F- Pith
b) 1. Endodermis, B- Pith, C- Protoxylem, D- Metaxylem, E- Phloem, F- Conjuctive tissue
c) 1. Pericycle, B- Conjuctive tissue, C- Metaxylem, D- Protoxylem, E- Phloem, F- Pith
d) 1. Endodermis, B- Conjuctive tissue, C- Protoxylem, D- Metaxylem E- Phloem, F- Pith - The layer of cells outside the phloem meant for giving rise to the root branches is called
a) Cambium b) Carpus c) Endodermis d) Pericycle - Arrange the following plants in ascending order based on the number of xylem strands in their roots.
I. Trapa II. Pisum III. Castanea IV. Nicotiana
a) II, IV, III, and I b) III, IV, II, and I c) IV, III, I, and II d) I, IV, II and III - ‘Quiescent centre theory’ was proposed by
a) Nagelli b) Schmidt c) Hanstein d) Clowes - In an annual ring, the light coloured part is known as
a) Early wood b) Late wood c) Heartwood d) Sapwood - In roots the
a) Protoxylem lies towards the periphery
b) Metaxylem lies towards the pith (centre)
c) Both (a) and (b)
d) Endarch condition is found - Epidermis is often covered with a waxy thick layer called
a) Cuticle b) Suberin c) Supporting cell d) All of these - I. Protection of internal tissue
II. Prevention of entry of any harmful organism
III. Minimising surface transpiration
IV. Protection against excessive heating up
These are the functions of which of the following?
a) Epidermis b) Cortex c) Hypodermis d) Cuticle - In a woody dicotyledonous tree, which of the following parts will mainly consist of primary tissues?
a) Stem and root b) All parts
Page| 8
c) Shoot tips and root tips d) Flowers, fruits and leaves
- Old stem on Combretum has
a) Inter and intraxylary phloem b) Inter and extraxylary phloem
c) Intra and extraxylary phloem d) All of the above - Atactostele type of stele is found in
a) Dicot b) Monocots
c) Both (a) and (b) d) Only in gymnosperm - I. Sieve tube conduct organic food longitudinally
II. Xylem parenchyma cells stores food and help in lateral conduction of sap
Select the correct option
a) I is incorrect, but II is correct
b) II is incorrect, but I is correct
c) I and II are correct
d) I and II are incorrect - Growth rings are formed due to activity of
a) Extrastelar cambium b) Intrastelar cambium c) Interstelar cambium d) Both (b) and (c) - Water impermeable, waxy material secreted by endodermal cells is called
a) Lignin b) Suberin c) Conjuctive tissue d) Pectin - Tyloses are balloon-like ingrowths in vessels developing from the adjoining
a) Fibres through pits on vessel wall
b) Fibres through the general surface of vessel wall
c) Parenchyma through pits on vessel wall
d) Parenchyma through the general surface of vessel wall - Select the correct statement from the following
a) The cells of the permanent tissue do not generally divide
b) Permanent tissues having all cells similar in structure and function are called simple tissues
c) Permanent tissues having many different types of cells are called complex tissues
d) All of the above - Tissues involved in secondary growth is/are
I. intercalary stem
II. vascular cambium
III. cork cambium
Select the correct options from below
a) I and II b) II and III c) I and III d) I, II and III - Which is a characteristic of dicots?
a) Roots develop from radicle b) Secondary growth usually absent
c) Floral parts in multiple of three d) Parallel leaf veins - Identify the plant parts whose transverse section shows a clear and prominent pith.
a) Dicot and monocot stems b) Dicot stem and monocot root
c) Dicot and monocot roots d) Dicot stem and dicot root - A tree grows at the rate of 0.5 m per year. What will be the height of the board fixed at 1.5 m above the
base five years ago?
a) 4.0 m b) 3.5 m c) 1.5 m d) 4.5 m - Mesophylls of monocotyledon leaf are not differentiated into
a) Palisade tissue b) Spongy parenchyma
c) Bulliform cells d) Both (a) and (b) - In the given diagram of secondary growth of dicot root, identify 𝐴 to 𝐷 and choose the correct option
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