NEET MCQs Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants [Free PDF]

Mastering Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants is crucial for scoring high in the NEET Biology section. This chapter NEET MCQs Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants forms the foundation of plant reproduction and consistently carries a high weightage in the exam.

To help you prepare effectively and test your conceptual clarity, we have compiled a set of 32 high-yield Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs). Unlike standard practice tests, every question below includes a detailed explanation to help you understand exactly why an answer is correct and clear up any doubts instantly.

This practice set covers all essential NCERT topics, including:

  • Microsporogenesis and Megasporogenesis
  • Pollination mechanisms and agents
  • Double fertilization (Syngamy and Triple Fusion)
  • Post-fertilization events (Endosperm, Embryo, Seed, and Fruit formation)

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NEET MCQs Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants

1. Parthenocarpic fruit a) Develops from fertilization b) Developed from fertilized ovary c) Develops from unfertilized ovary d) Develops from ovules

  • Correct Answer: c) Develops from unfertilized ovary
  • Reason: Parthenocarpy literally translates to “virgin fruit.” It is the natural or artificially induced production of fruit without the fertilization of ovules, which results in seedless fruits (like commercial bananas).

2. Seed is a) Ripened ovule b) Plant part having two generation c) Both (a) and (b) d) Miniture plant

  • Correct Answer: a) Ripened ovule
  • Reason: In angiosperms, post-fertilization events trigger the mature, ripened ovary to develop into the fruit, while the fertilized ovules inside mature into seeds.

3. Find out the correct statement a) Parthenocarpic fruits are seedless b) Parthenocarpy is developed by hormones c) Both (a) and (b) d) Parthenocarpic seeds are developed by fertilized ovary

  • Correct Answer: c) Both (a) and (b)
  • Reason: Parthenocarpic fruits lack true seeds because no fertilization occurs. This process can be artificially induced in agriculture by applying plant growth hormones like auxins and gibberellins.

4. Vegetative fertilization leading to the formation of endosperm refers to a) Fusion of male gamete with diploid secondary nucleus b) Fusion of female gamete with diploid secondary nucleus c) Fusion of two diploid vegetative cells d) Fusion of two male gametes

  • Correct Answer: a) Fusion of male gamete with diploid secondary nucleus
  • Reason: This process is more commonly known as “triple fusion.” One male gamete (n) fuses with the two polar nuclei (or the diploid secondary nucleus, 2n) in the central cell to form the triploid Primary Endosperm Nucleus (3n).

5. Which of the following is the result of double fertilization? a) Cotyledon b) Nucellus c) Endosperm d) None of these

  • Correct Answer: c) Endosperm
  • Reason: Double fertilization consists of syngamy (forming the zygote/embryo) and triple fusion (forming the primary endosperm nucleus, which develops into the nutritive endosperm).

6. Perisprem is found in a) Black pepper b) apple c) Beet d) Both (a) and (c)

  • Correct Answer: d) Both (a) and (c)
  • Reason: The perisperm is the persistent, residual remnant of the nucellus that remains in certain seeds after fertilization. Black pepper and beet are classic examples.

7. The ‘eyes’ of the potato tuber are a) Flower buds b) Shoot buds c) Axillary buds d) Root buds

  • Correct Answer: c) Axillary buds
  • Reason: A potato tuber is a modified underground stem. The “eyes” are actually nodes on this stem, and they contain axillary buds which can sprout into new plants during vegetative propagation.

8. True fruit is directly derived from a) Stem b) Root c) Ovule d) None of the above

  • Correct Answer: d) None of the above
  • Reason: A “true fruit” develops strictly from a mature, ripened ovary. Since the ovary is not listed in options a, b, or c, the correct choice is “None of the above.”

9. Intine is made up of a) Cellulose b) Pectin c) Both (a) and (b) d) Protein

  • Correct Answer: c) Both (a) and (b)
  • Reason: The inner wall of a pollen grain (intine) is a thin, continuous layer made primarily of cellulose and pectin. This contrasts with the outer exine, which is made of sporopollenin.

10. The arrangement of the nuclei in a normal embryo sac in the dicot plants, is a) 2+4+2 b) 3+2+3 c) 2+3+3 d) 3+3+2

  • Correct Answer: b) 3+2+3
  • Reason: A standard Polygonum-type embryo sac has 3 antipodal cells at the chalazal end, 2 polar nuclei in the large central cell, and 3 cells forming the egg apparatus (2 synergids + 1 egg) at the micropylar end.

11. Pericarp is a) Wall of ovary b) Wall of fruit c) Both (a) and (b) d) wall of embryo

  • Correct Answer: b) Wall of fruit
  • Reason: After fertilization, the wall of the ovary develops and transforms into the wall of the fruit, which is officially termed the pericarp.

12. The function innermost layer of pollen sac, tapetum is a) Dehiscence b) Nutritive c) Mechanical d) Protective

  • Correct Answer: b) Nutritive
  • Reason: The tapetum is the innermost layer of the microsporangium. Its primary role is to provide nourishment to the developing microspores (pollen grains).

13. Diagram showing entry of pollen tube to the embryo sac. Identify 𝐴 to 𝐺 in the diagram (Note to publisher: Insert your specific diagram here before publishing)

  • Correct Answer: a) A-Synergid, B-Filiform apparatus, C-Male gamete, D-Plasma membrane, E-Central cell, F-Egg nucleus, G-Vegetative nucleus * Reason: This matches the standard NCERT diagram labeling for the entry of the pollen tube into one of the synergids.

14. The movement of pollen tube is called a) Chemotropism b) Thermotaxis c) Thermonastic d) Hydrotropism

  • Correct Answer: a) Chemotropism
  • Reason: The pollen tube grows down through the style and toward the ovule by responding to specific chemical gradients secreted by the synergids (specifically from the filiform apparatus). Growth guided by chemicals is chemotropism.

15. Which of the following statements is wrong? a) Pollen grains remain viable for several months because their outer covering is made of sporopollenin b) No enzyme can degrade sporopollenin c) Pollen grains are well represented in fossil strata due to sporopollenin d) Pollen wall has cavities containing proteins

  • Correct Answer: a) Pollen grains remain viable for several months because their outer covering is made of sporopollenin
  • Reason: While sporopollenin makes the exine highly resistant to physical and chemical degradation, the viability (ability to germinate) is determined by the plant’s genetics and environmental factors like temperature and humidity, not the sporopollenin itself.

16. Triple fusion in angiosperm is the fusion of second sperm with a) Antipodal cell and one synergid cell b) Two antipodal cells c) Two synergid cells d) Two polar nuclei

  • Correct Answer: d) Two polar nuclei
  • Reason: During double fertilization, the first male gamete fuses with the egg. The second male gamete moves to the central cell and fuses with the two polar nuclei, forming the triploid endosperm.

17. Identify 𝐴 and 𝐵 in diagram given below: (Note to publisher: Insert your stamen diagram here) a) A-Stamen; B-Pistil b) A-Filament; B-Anther c) A-Anther; B-Filament d) A-Pistil, B-Stamen

  • Correct Answer: c) A-Anther; B-Filament
  • Reason: A typical male reproductive organ (stamen) consists of a terminal, usually bilobed structure called the anther, supported by a long, slender stalk called the filament.

18. ‘Mircrospores arranged in a cluster of four cells called megaspore tetrad’. The above statement is a) True b) False c) Sometimes (a) and sometimes (b) d) Neither (a) nor (b)

  • Correct Answer: b) False
  • Reason: Microspores (male) arranged in a cluster of four are called a microspore tetrad. Megaspores (female) form a megaspore tetrad. The terms cannot be mixed.

19. Insect pollinated flowers are a) Nector producing b) Colourful c) Fragnance producing d) All of these

  • Correct Answer: d) All of these
  • Reason: Plants pollinated by insects (entomophily) must attract their pollinators and offer a reward. Therefore, they are typically colorful, highly fragrant, and produce nectar.

20. The fusion of male and female pronuclei of the gametes is called a) Fertilization b) Conjugation c) Amphimixis d) Panmixis

  • Correct Answer: c) Amphimixis
  • Reason: While fertilization is the broad biological term, “amphimixis” is the precise technical term for the true blending and fusion of the genetic material (pronuclei) from male and female gametes.

21. This diagram given below depicts (Note to publisher: Insert your wind-pollination diagram here) a) Wind pollinated plant b) Well exposed stamen c) Compact inflorescence d) All of these

  • Correct Answer: d) All of these
  • Reason: Wind-pollinated (anemophilous) plants typically feature well-exposed stamens (so pollen easily catches the wind), feathery stigmas, and flowers packed into compact inflorescences (like a corn cob).

22. A scion is grafted to a stock. The quality of fruits produced will be determined by the genotype of a) Stock b) Scion c) Both (a) and (b) d) Neither (a) nor (b)

  • Correct Answer: b) Scion
  • Reason: In grafting, the stock provides the root system, but the scion forms the upper shoot system. Because the scion produces the flowers and fruits, the fruit quality is determined entirely by the scion’s genetics.

23. When pollen is transferred from anther of a flower to stigma of the another of the another flower of the same plant, it is referred to as a) Allogamy b) Xenogamy c) Geitonogamy d) Autogamy

  • Correct Answer: c) Geitonogamy
  • Reason: Autogamy is self-pollination within the same flower. Xenogamy is cross-pollination between different plants. Geitonogamy falls in the middle: it involves different flowers on the same plant (functionally cross-pollination, but genetically self-pollination).

24. False fruit is a fruit in which a) Only ovary take part in fruit development b) Only embryo take part an fruit development c) Only chalazal cells take part an fruit development d) Ovary and other floral part included in fruit

  • Correct Answer: d) Ovary and other floral part included in fruit
  • Reason: Also known as pseudocarps, false fruits develop when floral parts other than the ovary (most commonly the thalamus) contribute to the formation of the fleshy fruit. Apples and strawberries are classic examples.

25. Synergid’s filiform apparatus a) Guide the pollen tube b) Guide the style for development c) Present near the micropylar end d) Both (a) and (c)

  • Correct Answer: d) Both (a) and (c)
  • Reason: The filiform apparatus consists of special cellular thickenings at the micropylar tip of the synergids. Their main function is to secrete chemicals that guide the pollen tube directly into the synergid.

26. Double fertilization occurs among a) Algae b) Bryophytes c) Angiosperms d) Gymnosperms

  • Correct Answer: c) Angiosperms
  • Reason: Double fertilization (syngamy + triple fusion) is a complex, highly evolved fertilization mechanism that is an exclusive, defining characteristic of angiosperms (flowering plants).

27. Scutellum is a) Cotyledon in dicots b) Cotyledon in gymnosperm c) Monocot root d) Cotyledon in grass family

  • Correct Answer: d) Cotyledon in grass family
  • Reason: In monocotyledons, particularly within the grass family (Poaceae), the embryo has a single, large, shield-shaped cotyledon known specifically as the scutellum.

28. Sporopollenin is chemically a) Homopolysaccharide b) Fatty substance c) Protein d) Heteropolysaccharide

  • Correct Answer: b) Fatty substance
  • Reason: Sporopollenin is an exceptionally tough, resistant organic polymer. Chemically, it is an oxidative polymer of carotenoids, which belong to the lipid/fatty substance category.

29. Which one of the following is not a correct explanation of cross-pollination? a) The pollen grains are transferred from one flower to another flower situated on the same plant b) The pollen grains are transferred from one flower to another flower, of another plant the same species c) The pollen grains of male flower are transferred to the stigma of the female flower d) The pollen grains of the flower are transferred to the stigma of the same flower

  • Correct Answer: d) The pollen grains of the flower are transferred to the stigma of the same flower
  • Reason: Option D describes autogamy, which is strict self-pollination, making it the only incorrect explanation for cross-pollination on this list.

30. How many cells are found in female gametophyte? a) 6 b) 8 c) 7 d) 5

  • Correct Answer: c) 7
  • Reason: A typical mature angiosperm female gametophyte (embryo sac) contains 8 nuclei but only 7 distinct cells: 3 antipodals, 2 synergids, 1 egg cell, and 1 large central cell containing the two polar nuclei.
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NEET MCQs Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants

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