This chapter deals with the concepts of health, disease, and immunity in humans. It covers common infectious diseases caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoans, along with their symptoms and prevention. The chapter also explains the body’s immune system, vaccines, and the importance of hygiene and nutrition for maintaining good health.

NEET MCQs Human Health and Disease

Cannabis sativa is the source of
a) Opium b) LSD c) Marijuana d) cocaine
Which of the following is a pair of bacterial diseases?
a) Typhoid and Pneumonia b) Malaria and AIDS
c) Ringworm and AIDS d) Cold and Malaria
Which of the following is a protozoan disease?
a) Malaria b) Amoebiasis c) Sleeping sickness d) All of these
Antibody is connected with
a) Skeletal system b) Circulatory system c) Immune system d) Respiratory system
Interferons protect healthy cells in human from
a) Viral infection b) Bacterial infection c) Fungal infection d) Protozoan infection
During an allergic reaction, the binding of antigens to IgE antibodies initiates a response, in which
chemicals cause the dilation of blood vessels and a host of other physiological changes. Such chemicals are
a) Interferons b) Hormones c) Histamines d) acetylamine
Colostrum provides the infant with
a) Autoimmunity b) Passive immunity c) Active immunity d) Innate immunity
Which class of antibodies is abundant in body secretion
a) IgM b) IgA c) IgG d) IgE
Which of the following cells are related with inflammatory reactions and immediate hypersensitivity?
a) Mast cells b) Plasma cells c) Both (a) and (b) d) All of these
ELISA is used to detect viruses, where the key reagent is
a) DNA probe b) RNA Aase
c) Alkaline phosphatase d) Catalase
Which of the following health disorder includes symptoms of fever, chills, cough, headache, gray or bluish
lips and finger’s nails?
a) Filariasis b) Typhoid c) Pneumonia d) Malaria
What is the main lymphoid organ where all blood cells including lymphocytes are produced?
a) Bone marrow b) Tonsils c) Liver d) Spleen
The tendency of the body to manifest a characteristic and unpleasant withdrawal syndrome on abrupt
discontinuation of regular dose of drugs/alcohol is called
a) Depression b) Dependence c) Abnormalty d) All of these
Regarding common cold consider the following statements
I. Rhinovirus is responsible for common cold which infects the nasal epithelium and respiratory passage
but not the lungs
II. The symptoms of common cold included nasal congestion and discharge, sore throat, gruffiness, cough,
headache and tiredness
Which of the statement given above is/are correct?
a) Only I b) Only II c) I and II d) None of these

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Mast cells have important role in the development of
a) Allergens b) Allergy c) Inflammation d) Both (b) and (c)
Which of the following is related to humoral immunity?
a) T-lymphocyte b) B- lymphocyte c) I- lymphocyte d) P- lymphocyte
Note the following words.
I. Skin II. Phagocytes
III.B-cells IV. Inflammation
V. Antibodies VI. T-cells
VII. Fever VIII. Antimicrobial proteins
IX. NK-cells X. Secretions
Identify the factors involved in second line of defence.
a) II, IV, VII and IX b) II, III, V and IX c) IV, VI, VIII and X d) III, V, VII and VIII
BCG vaccine is used against
a) TB b) Leprosy c) Food poisoning d) None of these
Allergens are
a) Infectious and increased secretion of IgE b) Non-infectious and increased secretion of IgE
c) Infectious and increased secretion of IgG d) Non-infectious and increased secretion of IgM
Smoking results in …A… build up in the blood and reduce …B… delivery to the tissue.
Here A and B refers to
a) A-carbon dioxide; B-carbon monoxide b) A-carbon dioxide; B-oxygen
c) A-carbon monoxide; B-oxygen d) A-oxygen; B-carbon monoxide
What is true about T-lymphocytes is mammals?
a) They scavenge damaged cells and cellular debris
b) These are produced in thyroid
c) There are three main types-cyctotoxic T-cells, helper T-cells and suppressor T-cells
d) These originate in lymphoid tissues
The thymus is a lobed organ located near the …A… and beneath the …B… . The most appropriate
combination for A and B is
a) A-heart; B-breast bone b) A-liver; B-ribs
c) A-heart; B-ribs d) A-intestine; B-ribs
Exotoxins are related with
a) Tetanus b) Diphtheria c) Cancer d) Both (a) and (b)
Bacterium, which is concerned with pertussis is
a) Bordetella pertussis b) Bacillus
c) Diplococcus d) Mycobacterium tuberculum
𝐸𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑚𝑜𝑒𝑏𝑎 ℎ𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑜𝑙𝑦𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑎 is causes
a) Malaria b) Amoebiasis c) Typhoid d) Filariasis
Consider the following statements
I. Neural system and endocrine system influences our immune system
II. Immune system maintains our health
Which of the statement (s) given above is/are correct?
a) Only I b) Only II c) I and II d) None of these
Electrocardiograph was developed by
a) Hans Berger b) Willem Kolff c) Willen Einthoven d) Wilhelm Roentgen
Which of the given sets include lymphatic organs?
a) Thymus, lymph nodes and spleen b) Liver, spleen and thymus
c) Tonsils, Peyer’s patches and liver d) Thymus, liver and tonsils
Secondary metabolite is
a) Sugar b) Glucose c) Antibiotics d) All of these

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By recombinant DNA technology, vaccines have been produced on large scale, 𝑒.𝑔., hepatitis-B vaccine is
produced from yeast
The above paragraph is
a) True b) False
c) Sometimes (a) and sometimes (b) d) Neither (a) nor (b)
What is injected into the patient’s body the determining the cause of allergy?
a) Pure allergen to which the patient is allergic
b) IgG
c) IgE
d) Steroids
‘Tunnel vision’ is associated with.
a) Alcoholism b) Smoking c) Drug addiction d) epilepsy
Which of the following is not a part of secondary lymphatic system?
a) Spleen b) Lymph nodes c) Tonsils d) Thymus
Which of the following toxic substances is responsible for the high malarial fever?
a) Haemoglobin b) Haemocyanin c) Haemozoin d) Haemoriden
Bambykol or gyplure is a
a) Drug b) Harmone c) Antibiotic d) pheromone
A chemical substance produce produced by a microorganism for inhibiting the growth of another is

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a) Antibody b) Antibiotic c) Aflatoxin d) Antiallergic

Carcinoma refers to
a) Malignant tumour of the colon
b) Benign tumour of the connective tissue
c) Malignant tumour of the connective tissue
d) Malignant tumour of the skin or mucous membrane
Who among the following is recognized as the father of immunology?
a) Robert Koch b) Ferdinand Kohn c) Edward Jenner d) Louis Pasteur
Heroin is a
a) Diacetyl morphine b) Morphine c) Hemp d) Stimulant
Monoclonal antibodies are used for
a) Immune suppression for kidney transplantation
b) Growth induction
c) Suppression of symptoms of rabies
d) Treatment of breast cancer
Non-specific host defence that exists prior to the exposure to an antigen is called
a) Acquired immunity b) Passive immunity c) Innate immunity d) Active immunity
Cancer of the internal organs is detected by
a) Radiography b) Computed tomography
c) Magnetic resonance imaging d) All of the above
Full form PMNL is
a) Poly Morpho-nuclear Leukocytes
b) Para Morpho-nuclear Lymphocytes
c) Penta Morpho-nuclear Leukocytes
d) Poly Morpho-nuclear Lymphocytes
A doctor advises a patient to include yellow fruits, carrots and butter in his diet. What deficiency disease
do you think the patient is suffering from?
a) Night blindness b) Colour blindness
c) Kwashiorkor diseases d) Marasmus disease
Which one of the following is correctly matched?
a) Body louse – Typhoid b) House fly – Yellow fever
c) Anopheles – Malaria d) Aedes – Plague
To which type of barriers under innate immunity?
Saliva in the mouth and the tears from the eyes belongs?
a) Cytokine barriers b) Cellular barriers
c) Physiological barriers d) physical barriers
After drinking alcohol, a person walks clumsily because, the alcohol affects his
a) Cerebellum b) Cerebrum
c) Medulla oblongata d) Spinal cord
An uncontrolled division or proliferation of cells without any differentiation is called
a) Cancer b) AIDS c) Filariasis d) None of these
AIDS virus is also known as
a) HIV b) HTL V-III c) LAV d) All of these
Opioids are the drugs, which bind to specific opioid receptors present in our
a) Central nervous system b) Gastrointestinal tract
c) Both (a) and (b) d) Urinogenital system
Which one of the followin pairs is not correctly matched?
a) Streptomyces – Antibiotic b) Serratia – Drug Addiction
c) Spirulina – Single cell protein d) Rhizobium – Biofertilizer
Cocaine is obtained from

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a) Erythroxylum coca b) Cannabis sativa c) Datura d) Opium plant

How many variable segments are present in the basic structure of antibody molecules?
a) One b) Two c) Three d) Four
The incubation period for hepatitis-B virus is
a) 15-20 days b) 30-180 days c) 42-56 days d) One weak
Main barrier which prevents the entry of disease’s causing organism in our body is
a) Skin b) Saliva c) Lymphocytes d) Interferons
The primary host of Plasmodium is
a) Man b) Male Culex c) sheep d) Female Anopheles
An example of gene therapy is
a) Production of injectable hepatitis-B vaccine
b) Production of vaccines in food crops like potatoes which can be eaten
c) Introduction of gene for adenosine deaminase in persons suffering from Severe Combined Immuno
Deficiency(SCID)
d) Production of test tube babies by artificial insemination and implantation of fertilized eggs
Two of the body parts, which do not appear in MRI may be
a) Molar teeth and eye lens b) Scapula and canines
c) Ligaments and ribs d) Tendons and premolars
Regarding pathogens consider the following statements
I. A pathogen or an infectious agent is a microorganism, such as a virus, bacterium, fungus that causes
disease in its host
II. These pathogens multiply in our body and interfere with the normal vital activities, resulting in
morphological and functional damage
Which of the following statement (s) is/are correct?
a) Only I b) Only II c) I and II d) None of these
Which one the following statements is false?
a) Psychoactive drugs have the ability to alter the
activity of the nervous system
b) Adolescence is marked by accelerated physical
growth, development of reproductive organs and
changes in functioning of the neuroendocrine
system
c) Hallucinogen can alter a person’s thoughts, feeling
and perceptions
d) Mescaline is a stimulant
Active immunity development is related to
a) Natural killer cells b) Memory cells c) Helper T-cells d) Suppressor T-cells
Housefly is a vector of
a) Amoebiasis b) Swine flu c) Filariasis d) Dengue
Which of the following are considered as cellular barrier of the body?
a) Lymphocytes b) Neutrophils c) Macrophages d) All of these
Nobel Prize for medicine was given for confirming the role of Helicobacter pylori in causing
a) Nephritis b) Rhinitis c) Bronchitis d) Peptic ulcer
Inflammatory response in allergy is due to the release of …… from the mast cells
a) Antigen b) Antibody c) Histamine d) None of these
Consider the following statements. Health is a combination of
I. complete physical health
II. mental health
III. social health
Which of the statements given above are correct?
a) I and II b) I and III c) II and III d) I, II and III
Yersinia pestis is responsible for
a) Syphilis b) Whooping cough c) Plague d) Leprosy

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Modern lifestyle is responsible for
a) Lowering of immunity b) More sensitivity of allergens
c) Both (a) and (b) d) None of the above
Products from plants like 𝐷𝑎𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑎 sp. are
a) Hallucinogen b) Stimulants c) Sedatives d) Pain killers
The ‘Christmas disease’ patient lacks antihaemophilic
a) Homogentisic acid oxidase b) Factor-VIII
c) Factor-XI d) Factor-IX
Acquired immunity is due to
a) Physiological and inflammatory barriers b) Lymphocytes
c) Erythrocytes d) NK-cells
The human immune system consists of
a) Lymphoid organs b) Immune cells c) Antibodies d) All of these
AIDS day is
a) 1 May b) 1 December c) 1 June d) 1 January
IgA, IgM, IgE and IgG are the example of
a) Antigen b) Antibody c) Haemoglobin d) Lymphocytes
A new born baby who receives IgA form its mother’s milk develops
a) Naturally acquired active immunity
b) Artificially acquired active immunity
c) Naturally acquired passive immunity
d) Artificially acquired passive immunity
The virus that cases Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) parasitizes in
a) B-cells b) Cytotoxic cells c) Helper T-cells d) Lymph nodes
Antigen binding site in an antibody is found between
a) Two light chains
b) Two heavy chains
c) One heavy and one light chain
d) Either between two light chains or between one heavy and one light chain depending upon the nature
of antigen
The flower tops, leaves and the resin of 𝐶𝑎𝑛𝑛𝑎𝑏𝑖𝑠 𝑠𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑎 are used to produce
a) Marijuana b) Hashish c) Charas d) All of these
Chagas disease is caused by
a) Trypanosoma gambiense b) Plasmodium sp.
c) Trypanosome cruzi d) Treponema pallidum
Dipsomania is
a) A type of depression b) Insanity due to psychosis
c) Severe addiction to alcohol d) Tendency to take much water
Cells obtained from cancerous tumours are known as
a) Hybridomas b) Myelomas c) Lymphocytes d) Monoclonal cells
Consider the following statements
I. Opioids are the drugs, which bind to opioid receptors in the central nervous system and gastrointestinal
tract
II. Heroin is a white, odourless, bitter, crystalline compound
III. Heroin is commonly called smack
Which of the statements given above are correct?
a) I and II b) I and III c) II and III d) I, II and III
Which of the following elements is important to maintain structure of immunoglobulin?
a) P b) Fe c) S d) Ca

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