In Class 7 Science Chap 2 Nutrition in Animals Oxford, students explore how animals, including humans, obtain and process food to stay alive and grow. This chapter from the Oxford Science textbook explains important concepts like ingestion, digestion, absorption, assimilation, and egestion. Understanding these processes helps students learn how the human digestive system works and how it differs from that of other animals like cows and amoebas.

Class 7 Science Chap 2 Nutrition in Animals Oxford digestion

Class 7 Science Chap 2 Nutrition in Animals Oxford

II. Very short answer type questions

1. Give two examples of organisms made of a single cell.
Answer: Amoeba, Paramecium

2. Give two examples of outgrowths that help unicellular animals to catch food.
Answer: Pseudopodia (in Amoeba), Cilia (in Paramecium)

3. Give two examples of digestive juices that aid in digestion.
Answer: Saliva, Gastric juice

4. Give two examples of glands of the digestive system.
Answer: Salivary glands, Liver

III. Short answer type questions

1. How is ingestion different from egestion?
Answer:
Ingestion is the process of taking food into the mouth, while egestion is the process of removing undigested waste materials from the body through the anus.

2. Name the four types of teeth and their main functions in the human jaw.
Answer:

  • Incisors – used for cutting food
  • Canines – used for tearing food
  • Premolars – used for crushing and grinding food
  • Molars – used for grinding food

3. How do villi help in small intestines of human beings?
Answer:
Villi are finger-like projections in the small intestine that increase the surface area for absorption. They help in absorbing digested nutrients into the blood efficiently.

4. What is rumination?
Answer:
Rumination is the process in which animals like cows bring back partially digested food from the stomach to the mouth to chew it again. This helps in better digestion.

IV. Long answer type questions

1. With the help of a well-labelled diagram, describe how an Amoeba catches and digests its food.

Answer:
Amoeba is a unicellular organism that obtains its food through a process called phagocytosis. When Amoeba comes in contact with food, it forms finger-like projections called pseudopodia around the food particle. These pseudopodia enclose the food and form a food vacuole.

Inside the food vacuole, digestive juices are secreted which break down the food into simpler substances. The digested nutrients are absorbed into the cytoplasm, and the undigested waste is thrown out of the body by moving to the surface and releasing it.

Labelled Diagram:
(Draw a simple diagram of an amoeba with food particle, pseudopodia, food vacuole, and label them clearly.)

2. Explain the process of digestion in human beings.

Answer:
Digestion in human beings is a complex process that takes place in a long tube called the alimentary canal. The process includes:

  • Mouth: Food is chewed and mixed with saliva, which contains the enzyme salivary amylase that starts breaking down starch into sugars.
  • Esophagus: The chewed food passes through the esophagus by muscular movement called peristalsis.
  • Stomach: The food enters the stomach, where gastric juices (containing hydrochloric acid and pepsin) break down proteins.
  • Small Intestine: The food then enters the small intestine where bile from the liver and digestive juices from the pancreas complete the digestion of fats, proteins, and carbohydrates.
  • Absorption: Digested nutrients are absorbed by the villi lining the walls of the small intestine.
  • Large Intestine: Water is absorbed, and the remaining waste is removed through the anus.

3. How do nutrients get assimilated after digestion in the human body?

Answer:
After digestion, the simpler forms of food such as glucose, amino acids, fatty acids, and glycerol are absorbed by the villi of the small intestine. These nutrients are then transported by the bloodstream to different parts of the body.

Once delivered, the nutrients are used by body cells to produce energy, build new tissues, and repair old ones. This process of using absorbed nutrients for energy and growth is called assimilation. For example, glucose is used by cells to produce energy through respiration.

4. Describe in brief the process of digestion.

Answer:
Digestion is the process by which complex food is broken down into simpler, absorbable forms. It starts in the mouth, where food is chewed and mixed with saliva. It then moves through the esophagus into the stomach, where proteins are digested.

In the small intestine, enzymes from the pancreas and bile from the liver help digest fats, proteins, and carbohydrates completely. The digested food is then absorbed by villi in the small intestine. The remaining waste passes into the large intestine, where water is absorbed, and the rest is removed from the body as feces through the anus.

Class-wise Solutions

Class 12:

Class 12 Physics – NCERT Solutions

Class 12 Chemistry – NCERT Solutions

Class 11:

Class 10:

Class 9:

Class 8:

Class 7:

Class 6:

Subject-wise Solutions

Physics:

Chemistry:

Biology:

Math:

Science:

NEET BIOLOGY

For the official Class 8 Mathematics Solutions, you can visit:

  1. NCERT Textbooks (for Class 8):
ncert resources

Understanding how different organisms obtain and digest food is essential to grasp the basics of biology, and Class 7 Science Chap 2 Nutrition in Animals Oxford explains these concepts clearly. This chapter not only covers the human digestive system but also discusses the feeding mechanisms of animals like amoeba and ruminants. Through the well-structured explanations in Class 7 Science Chap 2 Nutrition in Animals Oxford, students learn the importance of digestion, absorption, and assimilation.

The step-by-step solutions based on Class 7 Science Chap 2 Nutrition in Animals Oxford help students strengthen their understanding and prepare better for exams. Whether it’s about types of teeth, digestive glands, or how villi function, everything is explained in an easy-to-follow manner. By reviewing these notes and solutions, students can master the key points of Class 7 Science Chap 2 Nutrition in Animals Oxford and build a strong foundation in life sciences.