The chapter Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production focuses on improving crop yield, livestock productivity, and food quality using techniques like plant breeding, animal husbandry, tissue culture, and biotechnology.

For NEET aspirants, this chapter is important due to its real-life applications and frequent appearance in exams. Practicing NEET MCQs Strategies For Enhancement in Food Production will strengthen your conceptual understanding and exam readiness.

NEET Strategies For Enhancement in Food Production

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1. The cultivation of aquatic animals or plants for food is called
   a) Aquaculture b) Pisciculture c) Sericulture d) Apiculture
2. Differentiation of organs and tissues in a developing organism is associated with
   a) Developmental mutations b) Differential expression of genes
   c) Lethal mutations d) Deletion of genes
3. Triticale is obtained by crossing wheat with:
   a) Oat b) Barley c) Maize d) Rye
4. Essential oils are made of:
   a) Vitamins b) Auxins
   c) Trace elements d) Aromatic volatile organic substances
5. Mule is produced by
   a) Inbreeding b) Artificial insemination
   c) Interspecific hybridization d) Intraspecific hybridization
6. Rearing and breeding of fish in ponds, tanks and artificial reservoirs is called:
   a) Aquaculture b) Fishing c) Pisciculture d) Apiculture
7. Bee wax is a product of …….. importance
   a) Industrial b) Domestic c) Medicinal d) All of these
8. In 1963 during green revolution the increase in crop production of wheat was due to the introduction of
   a) Semi-dwarf varieties of wheat
   b) Jaya and Ratna
   c) Both (a) and (b)
   d) Sonalika and Kalyan Sona
9. Safflower oil is obtained from the seeds of:
   a) 𝐿𝑖𝑛𝑢𝑚 𝑢𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑠𝑠𝑖𝑚𝑢𝑚 b) 𝐿𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑎𝑛𝑡ℎ𝑢𝑠 𝑎𝑛𝑛𝑢𝑠
   c) 𝑆𝑒𝑠𝑎𝑚𝑢𝑚 𝑖𝑛𝑑𝑖𝑐𝑢𝑚 d) 𝐶𝑎𝑟𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑚𝑢𝑠 𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑖𝑢𝑠
10. Which of the following is the main aim of evaluation of germplasm in plant breeding program?
    a) To identify plants with desirable combination of characters
    b) For effective exploitation of the natural genes
    c) Both (a) and (b)
    d) For collection of variability
11. Spawning in fishes can be induced by:
    a) TSH b) Thyroxine c) FSH and LH d) STH
12. An old breeding technique is:
    a) Introduction b) Selection c) Mutation breeding d) Hybridisation
13. The botanical name for groundnut is:
    a) 𝐼𝑛𝑑𝑖g𝑜𝑓𝑒𝑟𝑎 𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑖𝑎 b) 𝐶𝑟𝑜𝑡𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑎 𝑗𝑢𝑛𝑐𝑒𝑎
    c) 𝐴𝑟𝑎𝑐ℎ𝑖𝑠 ℎ𝑦𝑝𝑜g𝑒𝑎 d) 𝐴𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑎g𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑠 g𝑢𝑚𝑚𝑖𝑓𝑒𝑟
14. 𝑆𝑎𝑐𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑟𝑢𝑚 𝑏𝑎𝑟𝑏𝑒𝑟𝑖 was/is grown in
    a) East India b) West India c) North India d) South India

Page 2 | NEET BIOLOGY| STRATEGIES FOR ENHANCEMENT IN FOOD PRODUCTION

15. Need for breeding plants, to improve food quality are
    I. lack of adequate food having adequate nutritional requirements in the world
    II. majority people are unable to buy enough fruits, vegetables, legumes, fish and meat and thus suffer from
    deficiencies or hidden hunger
    III. essential micronutrients are absent from diet
    Choose the correct option
    a) I and II b) I and III c) II and III d) I, II and III
16. Mating between two individuals differing in genotypto produce genetic variation is called
    a) Domestication b) Incubation c) Hybridization d) Mutation
17. The cotton fibre from the cotton plant is obtained from:
    a) Roots b) Stems c) Seeds d) Leaves
18. The cheapest high energy crop of India is:
    a) Apple b) Guava c) Mango d) Banana
19. Emasculation of flowers is carried out through removal of:
    a) Sigma b) Sepals and petals c) Anthers d) Entire organism
20. In protoplast fusion, the enzymes required are
    a) Cellulose, hemicellulose, pectinase
    b) Pectinase
    c) Ligase, hemicellulose
    d) Hemicellulose
21. Cows and buffaloes remain in heat for:
    a) 24-36 hours b) 36-48 days c) 7-10 days d) 15-20 days
22. According to NCERT text, which of the following are selection and testing of superior recombination in
    plant breeding?
    a) It involves selection of plants amont the progeny of the hybrids with desire combination of characters
    b) The hybrid are superior to both the parents this is called hybrid vigour
    c) They are self-pollinated for several generations till they rich a stable of uniformily or homozygosity in
    order to ovoid the segregation of characters in the future progeny
    d) All of the above
23. Which of the following shows correct chronological order of the events occurring during callus culture?
    a) Callus → Cell division → Explant → Addition of cytokinin → Cells acquire meristematic property
    b) Explant → Cell division → Addition of cytokinin → Cells acquire meristematic property
    c) Explant → Cell division → Callus → Addition of cytokinin → Cells acquire meristematic property
    d) Callus → Explant → Cell division → Addition of cytokinin → Cells acquire meristematic property
24. Which of the following organisms is useful for us?
    a) 𝑀𝑢𝑠𝑐𝑎 b) 𝐵𝑜𝑚𝑏𝑦𝑥 c) 𝑃ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑎 d) 𝑃𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑒𝑡𝑎
25. The part of the grain in cereals, where much of the protein lies is the:
    a) Aleurone b) Endosperm c) Pericarp d) Embryo
26. In crop improvement programme haploids are important because they:
    a) Require one half of nutrients
    b) Are helpful in study of meiosis
    c) Grow better under adverse conditions
    d) Form perfect homozygous individuals on diploidisation
27. The honey bees exhibit a type of dance to communicate the location of food. This is known as:
    a) Tap dance b) Round dance and waggling dance
    c) Break dance d) Waggle dance
28. The plant cell without the cell wall is called
    a) Protoplast b) Cytoplast c) Nucleoplast d) None of these
29. The capacity of a cell explant to grow into a whole plant is called

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a) Plant culture b) Tissue culture c) Cellular totipotency d) All of these

30. Close inbreeding usually results in reduction of fertility and productivity. This is called
    a) Homozygosity b) Outbreeding
    c) Inbreeding depression d) Outbreeding depression
31. Read the given statement about outcrossing
    I. It is the breeding between of animals with in the same breed but do not have common ancestors on either
    side of their pedigree up to 4-6 generation
    II. It is done to increase milk production and growth rate in animals
    Which of the statement given above is incorrect?
    a) Only I b) Only II c) I and II d) None of these
32. …… is a phenomenon by which genetic variations is achieved through changes in the base sequences with
    in genes, which creates a new character or trait absent in parental generation
    a) Apomixis b) Mutation c) Mutation breeding d) Heterosis
33. Methods of breeding for acquiring disease resistance are
    I. conventional breeding techniques
    II. mutation breeding
    III. radiation breeding
    Chose the correct option
    a) I and II b) I and III c) I only d) III only
34. Word livestock refers to
    a) Sheep and goat only b) Pigs and camels only
    c) Cattle and buffaloes only d) All of these
35. The animal most useful on difficult terrains is:
    a) Mule b) Yak c) Camel d) Elephant
36. Which of the following statement are the main objective of animals breeding?
    I. improved growth rate
    II. increased production of milk, meat, egg, wool, etc.
    III. superior quality of milk, meat eggs wool, etc.
    IV. improved resistance to various disease
    Choose the correct option
    a) I and II b) I, II and III c) II, III and IV d) I, II, III and IV
37. A beast of burden which needs little care is:
    a) Pig b) Donkey c) Mule d) Yak
38. Isinglass, a type of byproduct of fish industry is principally used for
    a) Feeding cattle, pigs and poultry
    b) Preparation of paints and varnishes
    c) Clarification of vinegar, wines and beer
    d) Production of insulin
39. The enzyme used for isolation of single cell from explant/cell is
    a) Pectinase b) Catalase c) Ligninase d) Maltase
40. The parameters carried out for managing dairy farm are
    I. selection of both the male and female animals having high yielding potential and resistance to diseases
    II. regular visits by a veterinary doctor
    III. each animal should be fed on a balance ratio
    IV. pay attention to good animal management and general supervision
    Which of the above statement are correct?
    a) I and II b) I, II and III c) II, III and IV d) I, II, III and IV
41. Ambergis is the secretion from the intestine of …… used in the manufacture of perfumes and other
    cosmetics:
    a) Tachyglossus-𝐸𝑐ℎ𝑖𝑑𝑛𝑎 b) Physetter-Sperm whale

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c) Musk-Deer d) Kangaroo-𝑀𝑎𝑐𝑟𝑜𝑝𝑢𝑠

42. 𝐻𝑖𝑠𝑎𝑟𝑑𝑎𝑙𝑒 is a new breed of …A… developed in Punjab by crossing …B… and …C… .
    Here A and C refers to
    a) A-sheep, B-Bikaneri ewes, C-Marino rams b) A-chicken, B-Dorking, C-Sussex
    c) A-chicken, B-leghorn, C-Plymouth rock d) A-cow, B-Jersy, C-Brown swis
43. Economic importance of fish includes
    I. fish as food
    II. source of income
    III. aesthetic value
    Which of the above are correct?
    a) I and II b) I and III c) II and III d) I, II and III
44. Lysine and tryptophan are
    a) Proteins
    b) Non-essential amino acids
    c) Essential amino acids
    d) Aromatic and no acids
45. Which of the following disease resistance enhancement introduced by mutation in moong bean?
    I. Yellow mosaic virus
    II. Powdery mildew
    III. Black rust
    Choose the correct option
    a) I and II b) I and III c) II and III d) I, II and III
46. The conventional method of breeding for resistance includes
    I. screening the germplasm for resistant sources
    II. hybridization of selected parents
    III. selection and evaluation of the hybrids
    IV. testing and release of new varieties
    Choose the correct option
    a) I, II and III b) I, III and IV c) II, III and IV d) I, II, III and IV
47. The primary aim of animal breeding is to breed such animals which are able to produce
    a) Qualitative increase in the product
    b) Quantitative increase in the product
    c) Marketing of animal product
    d) Both (a) and (b)
48. The scientific name of maize is:
    a) Zingiber b) 𝑍𝑒𝑎 𝑚𝑎𝑦𝑠 c) Raphanus d) Daucas
49. What is the outcome of increased resistance power in crops?
    I. Enhance production
    II. Reduces the dependence on fungicides and bacteriocides
    III. Reduces the dependence on technical agricultural tools
    Choose the correct option
    a) I and II b) I and III c) II and III d) I, II and III
50. The insect that is not found in the wild state is:
    a) Lac insect b) Cochineal insect c) Honey bee d) Silk moth
51. Aim of plant breeding is to grow
    a) Disease free varieties b) High-yielding varieties
    c) Early-maturing varieties d) All of the above
52. Which of the following is not an oil seed?
    a) 𝐻𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑎𝑛𝑡ℎ𝑢𝑠 𝑎𝑛𝑛𝑢𝑠 b) 𝐶𝑜𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑛𝑢𝑐𝑖𝑓𝑒𝑟𝑎 c) 𝐴𝑟𝑎𝑐ℎ𝑖𝑠 ℎ𝑦𝑝𝑜g𝑒𝑎 d) 𝑃ℎ𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑠 𝑎𝑢𝑟𝑒𝑢𝑠
53. Improved varieties of wheat suitable for Indian environment have been developed by

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a) Euploidy and cloning b) Hybridization and mutation
c) Polyploidy and hybridization d) Cloning and polyploidy

54. …….. is used in the manufacture of many items including cosmetics, shaving creams and polishes of various
    kinds. The most appropriate word for filling the blank is
    a) Bee wax b) Honey c) Latex d) Resin
55. A milch breed of cow is:
    a) Haryana b) Malvi c) Kankrej d) Halliker
56. …… is an industry that includes catching processing or selling of aquatic animals
    a) Fisheries b) Apiculture c) Sericulture d) None of these
57. The embryo which develops from somatic cell is called
    a) Somatic embryo b) Reproductive embryo
    c) Clone embryo d) None of these
58. Hinny is a cross breed between:
    a) Male donkey and female horse b) Female donkey and male horse
    c) Male mule and female horse d) None of these
59. Science of altering the genetic pattern of plants in order to increase their value and utility for human
    welfare is called
    a) Plant breeding b) Agriculture c) Plant genetics d) All of these
60. Which one of the following is the American poultry breed?
    a) Australorp b) Rhode Island Red c) Minorca d) Aseel
61. Compared to a bull a bullock is docile because of:
    a) Higher levels of cortisone
    b) Lower levels of blood testosterone
    c) Lower levels of adrenalin/noradrenalin in its blood
    d) Higher levels of thyroxina
62. Maximum cocoon and raw silk production is in:
    a) China b) Japan c) U.S.S.R d) Brazil
63. Which of the following is a disease resistant, high yielding breed of the poultry developed in Karnataka?
    a) Aseel b) White leghorn c) Giriraja d) Plymoth rock
64. Which one of the following products of apiculture is used in cosmetics and polishes?
    a) Honey b) Oil c) Wax d) Royal jelly
65. Semi-dwarf varieties of rice were developed from
    a) IR-8 b) Taichung Native-1 c) Both (a) and (b) d) Jaya and Ratna
66. Largest silk producing state of India is:
    a) Karnataka b) Bihar c) Assam d) West Bengal
67. Larval form of silk moth is called:
    a) Naiad b) Maggot c) Caterpillar d) Wriggler
68. Bhutia is a breed of:
    a) Chicken b) Goat c) Sheep d) Horse
69. Which of following species is specially domesticated and reared for high economic importance?
    a) 𝐴𝑝𝑖𝑠 𝑖𝑛𝑑𝑖𝑐𝑎 b) 𝐴𝑝𝑖𝑠 𝑚𝑒𝑙𝑙𝑖𝑓𝑒𝑟𝑎 c) 𝐴𝑝𝑖𝑠 𝑑𝑜𝑟𝑠𝑎𝑡𝑎 d) 𝐴𝑝𝑖𝑠 𝑓𝑙𝑜𝑟𝑒𝑎
70. Passive, non-locomotory and non-feeding stage in life history of Silk moth is:
    a) Caterpillar b) Imago c) Nymph d) Pupa
71. Regulations governing movement of diseased plant material are called:
    a) Crop protection b) Quarantine c) Plant regulation d) Rotation
72. The larger distribution of clean quality milk all the world over can be said to be due to the great work of:
    a) Robert Koch b) Leeuwenhoek c) Louis Pasteur d) Blackmann
73. Teak is obtained from plant:
    a) 𝑆ℎ𝑜𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑟𝑜𝑏𝑢𝑠𝑡𝑎 b) 𝑀𝑎𝑛g𝑖𝑓𝑒𝑟𝑎 𝑖𝑛𝑑𝑖𝑐𝑎 c) 𝑇𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑛𝑎 g𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑖𝑠 d) 𝐶𝑒𝑑𝑟𝑢𝑠 𝑑𝑒𝑜𝑑𝑜𝑟𝑎
74. Which of the following is not a true pulse crop?

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a) 𝑉𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑎 𝑓𝑎𝑏𝑎 b) 𝑃ℎ𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑠 𝑎𝑢𝑟𝑒𝑢𝑠 c) 𝐶𝑎𝑠𝑠𝑖𝑠 𝑓𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑢𝑙𝑎 d) 𝐶𝑎𝑗𝑎𝑛𝑢𝑠 𝑐𝑎𝑗𝑎𝑛

75. In tissue culture, roots can be induced by
    a) Lower concentration of cytokinin and higher concentration of auxins
    b) Only cytokinin and no auxins
    c) No cytokinin and only auxins
    d) Higher concentration of cytokinin and lower concentration of auxins
76. Blue revolution
    I. It is the rapid expansion intensive commercial aquaculture
    II. Increase global food production and reduce widespread hunger
    Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
    a) Only I b) Only II c) I and II d) None of these
77. Cryopreservation is useful for:
    a) Preservation of semen b) Very young foetuses
    c) Living cells and body parts d) All the above
78. Keeping beehives in crop field during flowering period increases
    a) Honey and wax yield b) Crop yield c) Both (a) and (b) d) Pollination in wheat
79. New varieties of plants can be produced by:
    a) Selection and hybridization
    b) Subjecting them to very heavy dose of radiation
    c) Subjecting them to doses of radiation and selection
    d) Subjecting them to continuous radiation
80. Hidden hunger can be defined as
    a) Majority people are unable to buy enough fruits, vegetables, legumes, fish and meat and thus suffer
    from deficiency
    b) People are unable to buy healthy drink item and thus suffer from deficiency
    c) People are unable to buy vitamin and minerals medicines and thus suffer from deficiency
    d) All of the above
81. Pure line breeds refer to:
    a) Homozygosity and independent assortment b) Homozygosity only
    c) Heterozygosity d) Heterozygosity and linkage
82. International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) is situated at
    a) New York (USA) b) Tokyo (Japan) c) Manilla (Philipines) d) Hydrabad (India)
83. Pomato is a somatic hybrid of
    a) Potato and onion b) Potato and tomato c) Potato and brinjal d) Potato and garlic
84. Real product of apiculture is
    a) Honey b) Bee wax c) Both (a) and (b) d) Sugar
85. Protoplasts of two different species are fused in
    a) Miropropagation b) Somatic hybridization
    c) Clonal propagation d) Organography
86. The largest groundnut producing country is:
    a) U.S.A. b) Brazil c) India d) Burma
87. A breeder evolving disease resistant variety will start with:
    a) Working out yield of different varieties b) Go through the subject in library
    c) Selection of parents d) Hybridisation
88. Which one of the following is the source of silk?
    a) Eggs b) Caterpillar c) Cocoon d) Pupa
89. Self pollination results in:
    a) Heterosis b) Hybridisation
    c) Polyploidy d) Inbreeding depression
90. “Jaya” and “Ratna” developed for green revolution in India are the varieties of:

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Class-wise Solutions

Class 12:

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• Class 10 Math – NCERT Solutions
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• Class 10 Science – NCERT Solutions
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• Class 8 Science – Oxford Solutions
• Class 7 Science – Oxford Solutions
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NEET BIOLOGY

• Evolution
• Breathing and Exchange of Gases
• Anatomy of Flowering Plants
• Body Fluids and Circulation
• Human Health and Disease
• Microbes in Human Welfare
• Cell Cycle and Cell Division
• Biotechnology and Its Applications
• Biodiversity and Conservation
• Morphology of Flowering Plants