NEET Biology MCQs Ch Cell – Previous year paper solved

What are those structures that appear as ‘beads-on-string’ in the chromosomes when viewed under
electron microscope?
a) Nucleotides b) Nucleosomes c) Base pairs d) Genes
The two polynucleotide chains in DNA are
a) Parallel b) Discontinuous c) Antiparallel d) Semi-conservative
Centrosome is not present in
a) Cell of higher plants b) Cell of lower plants
c) Cell of higher animals d) Cell of lower animals
Channel proteins are involved in
a) Transport of enzymes b) Water transport
c) Active transport of ions d) Passive transport of ions
Part of chromosome after secondary constriction is called
a) Centriole b) Centromere c) Chromomere d) Satellite
Tubulin protein occurs in
a) Digestive enzymes b) Rough endoplasmic reticulum
c) Thylakoids d) Microtubules
Quantasomes are found in
a) Mitochondria b) Chloroplast
c) Lysosome d) Endoplasmic reticulum
In which one of the following would you expect to find glyoxysomes?
a) Endosperm of wheat b) Endosperm of castor
c) Palisade cells in leaf d) Root hairs
The non-membranous organelles are
a) Centrioles b) Ribosomes c) Nucleolus d) All of these
Single stranded DNA is found in
a) Polio viruses b) Rich dwarf virus c) TMV d) ϕ ×174
Ribosomes that occur exclusively in mitochondria is
a) 70 S b) 55 S c) 30 S d) 50 S
Number of protofilament in microtubule is
a) 13 b) 12 c) 5 d) 10
…A… are granular structures first observed under electron microscope as dense particles by …B… (1953).
Here, A and B refer to
a) A-Ribosomes; B-Perner b) A-Lysosomes; B-de Duve
c) A-Peroxisomes; B-Flemming d) A-Ribosomes; B-George Palade
Middle lamella is present
a) Inside the secondary wall b) Inside the primary wall
c) Outside the primary wall d) In between secondary and tertiary walls
Rough endoplasmic reticulum differs from smooth walled endoplasmic reticulum due to the presence of
a) DNA b) Nucleus c) Ribosomes d) Ergastic substance
A widely accepted, improved model of cell membrane is

Page| 2

a) Fluid mosaic model b) Robertson’s model
c) Danielli and Davson’s model d) Unit membrane model

Organelle important in spindle formation during nuclear division is
a) Golgi body b) Chloroplast c) Centriole d) Mitochondrion
Identify 𝐴 to 𝐹 in the sectional view of a chloroplast showing the different parts a) A-Inner membrane, B-Granum, C-Outer membrane, D-Stroma lamella, E-Stroma, F-Thylakoid
b) A-Outer membrane, B-Inner membrane, C-Granum, D-Thylakoid, E-Stroma lamella, F-Stroma
c) A-Thylakoid, B-Outer membrane, C-Stroma, D-Stroma lamella, E-Granum, F-Inner membrane
d) A-Outer membrane, B-Stroma, C-Inner membrane, D-Granum, E-Thylakoid, F-Stroma lamella
Consider the following statements and choose the correct one
a) Plant cells have centrioles which are absent in almost all animal cells
b) Ribosomes are the site of protein synthesis
c) The middle lamella is layer mainly of calcium carbonate which holds the different neighbouring cells
together
d) In animal cells, steroidal hormones are synthesised by smooth endoplasmic reticulum
The backbone of RNA consists of which of the following sugar?
a) Deoxyribose b) Ribose c) Sucrose d) Maltose
Chemiosmotic theory of ATP synthesis in the chloroplasts and mitochondria is based on
a) Proton gradient b) Accumulation of K ions
c) Accumulation of Na ions d) Membrane potential
Polysome is formed by
a) Several ribosomes attached to a single 𝑚RNA
b) Many ribosomes attached to a strand of endoplasmic reticulum
c) A ribosome with several subunits
d) Ribosomes attached to each other in a linear arrangement
In eukaryotic cell, plasmodesma is lined by plasma membrane. It encloses tubular extension of
endoplasmic reticulum called
a) Microtubule b) Microfilament c) Tubule d) Desmotubule
The factors which set the limit of cell size or volume are
I. nucleo-cytoplasmic or kern-plasma ratio
II. rate of metabolic activity
III. ability of oxygen and other materials to reach every part of the cell
IV. ability of waste products to pass to the outside
V. ratio of surface area to the volume of the cell
Identify the correct set of statements
a) III and IV b) I and II c) Only V d) I, II, III and IV
The difference between rough endoplasmic reticulum and smooth endoplasmic reticulum is that rough
endoplasmic recticulum
a) Does not contain ribosomes b) Contains ribosomes
c) Does not transport proteins d) Transport proteins
Cilia are
a) Short (5-10𝜇m) hair-like narrow protoplasmic process
b) With sweeping or pendular movements
c) More numerous
d) All of the above

Page| 3

The enzyme DNA polymerase was discovered by
a) Kornberg b) Okazaki c) Watson and Crick d) Stahl and Meselson
Plant cells possess
a) Cell wall and central vacuole b) Cell wall only
c) Cell wall and plastids d) Cell wall, plastids and large central vacuole
Which of the following statements are correct?
I. Occurrence of different types of tissues, organs and organ system results in division of labour
II. A new cell always develops by the division of a pre-existing cells
III. Cells are totipotent
IV. Cell is the smallest unit, capable of independent existence and performing the essential functions of life
The correct option is
a) I, II and III b) I, III and IV c) II, III and IV d) I, II, III and IV
Which of the following features are correct regarding ribosomes?
I. Non-membrane bound
II. Absent in plastids and mitochondria
III. Present in the cytoplasm and RER
IV. Take part in protein synthesis
The correct option is
a) Only II b) I and II c) I, II, III and IV d) I, III and IV
In prokaryotic cell,
I. enveloped genetic material is present
II. ribosomes are absent
III. an organised nucleus is absent
The correct option is
a) Only I b) Only II c) Only III d) I, II and III
In a DNA molecule, distance between two based is
a) 2 nm/20Å b) 0.2 nm/2Å c) 3.4 nm/34Å d) 0.34 nm/3.4Å
Antiparallel strands of a DNA molecule means that
a) One strand turns anti-clockwise
b) The phosphate groups of two DNA strands at their ends, share the same position
c) The phosphate groups at the start of two DNA strands are in opposite position(pole)
d) One strand turns clockwise
Arrange the following steps in a correct sequence as per Gram’s staining technique
I. Treatment with 0.5% iodine solution
II. Washing with water
III. Treatment with absolute alcohol/acetone
IV. Staining with weak alkaline solution of crystal violet
The correct sequence is
a) II→I→IV→III b) IV→I→II→III c) III→II→I→IV d) I→IV→III→II
In eukaryotes, basic structural unit made up of histone and DNA is
a) Nucleosome b) Nucleolus c) Chromosome d) Lysosome
Choose the correct statement from the codes given below
I. Separation from extracellular medium allows the cells to maintain its chemical pool, orderliness of
structure and reactions in contrast to disorderly distribution and randomly interacting molecules in the
extra-cellular medium
II. Cells are unable to recognise one another due to the present of specific chemicals on their surface
III. Cells of plant tissues are often connected with one another through cytoplasmic bridges called
plasmodesmata
IV. Different cells of an organism communicate as well as exchange materials with one another
a) II and III b) I and II c) I, III and IV d) I, II, III and IV

Page| 4

DNA multiplication is called
a) Translation b) Replication c) Transduction d) Transcription
Ribosomes are found in
a) Cytoplasm and nucleus b) Golgi complex and nucleus
c) Mitochondria and bacterial cell d) Endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi complex
In protoplasm, fat store in the form of
a) Polypeptide b) Triglyceride c) Polysaccharide d) Nucleoside
Spindles are formed by
a) Microtubules b) Endoplasmic reticulum
c) Golgi body d) Peroxisomes
Glycocalyx (mucilage sheath) of a bacterial cell may occur in the form of a loose sheath called …A… or it
may be thick and tough called …B…
Choose the correct pair from the given option
a) A-capsule; B-slime layer b) A-slime layer, B-capsule
c) A-mesosome; B-capsule d) A-mesosome, B-slime layer
Function of rough endoplasmic reticulum is
a) Fat synthesis b) Protein synthesis c) Starch synthesis d) Autolysis
Comparing small and large cells, which statement is correct?
a) Small cells have a small surface area per volume ratio
b) Exchange rate of nutrients is fast with large cells
c) Small cells have a large surface area per volume ratio
d) Exchange rate of nutrients is slow with small cells
Unicellular organisms are
a) Not capable of independent existence because they cannot perform all the essential functions of life
b) Not capable of independent existence but they can perform all the essential functions of life
c) Capable of independent existence and can perform all the essential vital functions
d) Capable to lead independent existence but they perform few vital functions of life
Stain used by Feulgen to stain DNA is
a) Janus green b) Basic fuchsin c) Crystal violet d) Methylene blue
Out of A-T, G-C pairing, bases of DNA may exist in alternate valency state owing to arrangements called
a) Tautomerisational mutation b) Analogue substitution
c) Point mutation d) Frameshift mutation
Robert Hooke used the term cell in the year
a) 1650 b) 1665 c) 1865 d) 1960
Okazaki fragments are produced during the synthesis of
a) 𝑚RNA b) Protein c) 𝑡RNA d) DNA
Cellulose, the most important constituent of plant cell wall is made up of
a) Branched chain of glucose molecules linked by 𝛼 1-6 glycosidic bond at the site of branching
b) Unbranched chain of glucose molecules liked by 𝛼, 1-4 glycosidic bond
c) Branched chain of glucose molecules linked by 𝛽,1-4 glycosidic bond in straight chain and 𝛼, 1-6
glycosidic bond at the site of branching
d) Unbranched chain of glucose molecules liked by 𝛽, 1-4 glycosidic bond
In flagella membrane, which enzyme catalysis ATP activity?
a) Cytoplasmic dyenin b) Asconic dynein c) Kinesis d) Myosin
During the replication of DNA, the synthesis of DNA on lagging strand takes place in segments. These
segments are called
a) Double helix segments b) Satellite segments
c) Kornberg segments d) Okazaki segments
In DNA of certain organisms, guanine constitutes 20% of the bases. What percentage of the bases would be
adenine?

Page| 5

a) 0% b) 10% c) 20% d) 30%

The term ‘protoplasm’ was coined by
a) Virchow b) Purkinje c) Dujardin d) Kolliker
Select the incorrect statement
a) Robert Brown discovered cell
b) Antony von Leeuwenhoek first saw and described a living cell
c) Cell is the basic unit of structure and function of all organisms
d) Anything less than a complete structure of a cell do not ensure independent living
Which of the following is responsible for the origin of lysosome?
a) Chloroplast b) Mitochondria c) Golgi body d) Ribosome
In his bacteriophage experiments, Hershey and Chase demonstrated that DNA is genetic material in
a) TMV b) 𝐸𝑠𝑐ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑐ℎ𝑖𝑎 𝑐𝑜𝑙𝑖
c) 𝑇2 bacteriophage d) 𝐷𝑖𝑝𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑜𝑐𝑐𝑢𝑠 𝑝𝑛𝑒𝑢𝑚𝑜𝑛𝑖𝑎𝑒
The length of DNA molecule greatly exceeds the dimensions of the nucleus in eukaryotic cells. How is this
DNA accommodated?
a) Deletion of non-essential genes b) Super-coiling in nucleosomes
c) DNA se digestion d) Through elimination of repetitive DNA
Diameter of DNA is constant due to
a) Hydrogen bonds between base pairs b) Phosphodiester bond
c) Disulphide bond d) Covalent bonds
Which of the following sugars is found in nucleic acid?
a) Dextrose b) Glucose c) Levulose d) Deoxyribose
Categorise the given statements as true and false
I. Kingdom – Monera have eukaryotic organisation
II. 𝐸.𝑐𝑜𝑙𝑖 is a eukaryote
III. Organised nucleus is present in eukaryotes
IV. 𝑃𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑚𝑒𝑐𝑖𝑢𝑚 is a prokaryote
a) T, T, F, F b) F, F, T, T c) F, F, T, F d) T, T, T, F
Which of the following statements are correct about prokaryotic genetic material (DNA)?
I. DNA is naked, that is without histones
II. DNA is usually circular/single chromosome
III. Outside the genomic DNA, small circular DNA is also present in many bacteria
IV. The smallest DNA are called plasmids
a) I and II b) I and III c) Only I d) I, II, III and IV
Golgi body originates from
a) Lysosome b) Endoplasmic reticulum
c) Mitochondria d) Cell membrane
The following diagrams represent the nitrogenous bases of nucleic acid molecules. Identify the correct
combination. a) A- Uracil, B- Adenine, C- Thymine, D- Guanine, E- Cytosine
b) A- Uracil, B- Guanine, C- Cytosine, D- Adenine, E- Thymine

Page| 6

c) A- Thymine, B- Adenine, C- Cytosine, D- Guanine, E- Uracil
d) A- Uracil, B- Guanine, C- Uracil, D- Adenine, E- Cytosine

Extension of plasma membrane in prokaryotic cell is
a) Mesosome b) Haploid c) Ribosome d) None of these
A biomembrane consists of lipids, proteins carbohydrates and water. These lipid molecules are
a) Amphiatic
b) Amphipathic
c) Both polar hydrophilic and non-polar hydrophobic ends
d) All of the above
Thread like protoplasmic projections on the free surface of absorptive cells (such as intestinal cells) are
called
a) Plasmodesmata b) Microfilaments c) Cilia d) None of these
…… are an exception to cell theory
a) Bacteria b) Fungi c) Viruses d) Lichens
Structural lipids of cell membrane are
a) Simple lipid b) Chromolipids c) Steroid d) Phospholipids
Quantasomes are present in
a) Chloroplast b) Mitochondria c) Golgi body d) Lysosome
The chemical substances found most abundantly on the middle lamella are released into the phragmoplast
by
a) Endoplasmic reticulum b) Golgi complex
c) Spindle fragments d) Interzonal fibres
According to widely accepted ‘fluid mosaic model’ cell membranes are semi-fluid, where lipids and
integral proteins can diffuse randomly. In recent years, this model has been modified in several respects.
In this regard, which of the following statement is incorrect?
a) Proteins in cell membranes can travel within the lipid bilayer
b) Proteins can remain confined within certain domains of the membrane
c) Proteins can also undergo flip-flip movements in the lipid bilayer
d) Many proteins remain completely embedded within the lipid bilayer
Okazaki fragments are joined in a correct sequence by
a) DNA polymerase b) DNA ligase c) RNA polymerase d) Primase
Which of the following cell organelles stores hydrolytic enzymes?
a) Centriole b) Lysosome c) Chromoplast d) Chloroplast
Cell is the fundamental structural and functional unit of all living organisms. This was evidenced by the
fact that
a) All cells arises by the fusion of two cells b) All cells are totipotent
c) Subcellular components can regenerate a
complete cell
d) Anything less than a complete structure of a cell
does not ensure independent living
What is mitoplast?
a) Membraneless mitochondria b) Another name of mitochondria
c) Mitochondria without outer membrane d) Mitochondria without inner membrane
Assembly of two subunits, 40S and 60S of the ribosome is
a) 100S b) 80S c) 70S d) 50S
Cell membrane of eukaryotes is composed of
a) Carbohydrates and proteins b) Proteins and lipids
c) Carbohydrates and lipids d) Carbohydrates, lipids and proteins
Sigma factor is related to
a) RNA polymerase b) DNA polymerase c) Both (a) and (b) d) None of these
The figures of cork cells as seen by Robert Hooke were published in the book
a) Origin of Species b) Genera Plantarum c) Micrographia d) Species Pantarum

Page| 7

Robert Hooke thought about the cells that
a) Something similar to veins and arteries of animals for conducting fluid.
b) Smallest structural unit
c) Smallest functional unit
d) Unit of heredity
Ribosomal RNA (𝑟RNA) is synthesised in
a) Nucleolus b) Nucleosome c) Cytoplasm d) Ribosome
Which of the following organelles does not contain RNA?
a) Chromosome b) Plasmalemma c) Nucleolus d) Ribosome
In the given diagram of types of chromosomes, identify 𝐴-𝐷 a) A-Telocentric chromosome, B-Acrocentric chromosome, C-Submetacentric chromosome, D-Metacentric
chromosome
b) A-Acrocentric chromosome, B-Telocentric chromosome, C-Metacentric, chromosome, D
Submetacentric chromosome
c) A-Submetacentric chromosome, B-Metacentric chromosome, C-Telocentric chromosome, D-Acrocentric
chromosome
d) A-Metacentric chromosome, B-Submetacentric chromosome, C-Acrocentric chromosome, D-Telocentric
chromosome
Read the following statements and identify the correct option given.
I. In prokaryotic cell, the nuclear membrane, chloroplast, mitochondria,
microtubules and different kinds of pili are absent.
II. In eukaryotic cell, the nuclear membrane, chloroplast, mitochondria and pili are
present.
III. In prokaryotic cell, the ribosome is of 70 S type and in mitochondria of
eukaryotic animal cell, the ribosome is 80 S type
a) I and II are wrong; III is correct b) I is correct; II and III are wrong
c) I and III are correct; III is wrong d) I, II and III are wrong
Schleiden (1838) proposed that cell is the structural and functional unit of life. His idea was a/an
a) Assumption b) Generalisation c) Hypothesis d) Observation
In DNA, which of the following is absent?
a) Adenine b) Thymine c) Guanine d) Uracil
Which of the following enzymes has/have haeme as a prosthetic group?
I. Catalase
II. Carboxypeptidase
III. Succinic dehydrogenase
IV. Peroxidase
a) I only b) I and II c) II and III d) I and IV
In prokaryotes, chromatophores are
a) Specialised granules responsible for colouration of cells
b) Structures responsible for organising the shape of the organism
c) Incusion bodies lying free inside the cells for carrying out various metabolic activities
d) Internal membrane system that may become extensive and complex in photosynthetic bacteria
hnRNA undergoes two additional processing. Out of which, in one of them an unusual nucleotide (methyl
guanosine triphosphate) is added to the 5’ – end of hnRNA. This is known as
a) Capping b) Tailing c) Splicing d) Termination

Page| 8

In prokaryotic cells, an organelle like the one is eukaryotic cells is
a) Lysosomes b) Golgi apparatus c) Ribosomes d) Plastids
Amino acid binding site in 𝑡RNA is
a) 5’ end b) Anticodon loop c) CCA 3’ end d) DHU loop
Protoplasm of a eukaryotic cell is called
a) Chloroplast b) Protoplast c) Cytoplasm d) Endoplast
In which cell organelles, a lipoprotein covering is absent?
a) Ribosomes b) Lysosomes c) Mitochondria d) Peroxisomes
The infoldings in mitochondria are known as
a) Cristae b) Matrix c) Cisternae d) Thylakoids
Which one is the correct statement about the bacterial cell envelope?
a) The outermost cell wall is followed by glycocalyx and then the plasma membrane
b) Cell envelope is chemically very simple and consists of only plasma membrane
c) The outermost glycocalyx is followed by cell wall and plasma membrane
d) The outermost glycocalyx is followed by plasma membrane and then the cell wall
Arrange the following cells in an ascending order of their size and select the correct option
I. Ostrich eggs
II. Mycoplasma
III. Bacteria
IV. Human RBCs
a) II→III→IV→I b) I→IV→III→II c) II→I→IV→III d) I→II→IV→III
Eukaryotes includes
a) Protists b) Fungi c) Plants d) All of these
Which enzyme joins DNA fragments?
a) DNA ligase b) DNA polymerase c) DNA gyrase d) Topoisomerase
What is C-value paradox?
a) Haploid DNA content b) Huge variations in C-values for all species
c) Constant C-value for all species d) Diploid DNA content
In fluid mosaic model of plasma membrane
a) Upper layer is non-polar and hydrophilic
b) Polar layer is hydrophobic
c) Phospholipids form a bimolecular layer in middle part
d) Proteins from a middle layer
If a length of DNA has 45,000 base pairs, how many complete turns will the DNA molecule takes?
a) 4,500 b) 45,000 c) 45 d) 450
The distance between two base pairs in DNA is
a) 34Å b) 3.4Å c) 0.34Å d) 20Å
Analyse the following pairs and identify the correct option given.
I. Chromoplasts – Contain pigments other than chlorophyll
II. Leucoplasts – Devoid of any pigments
III. Amyloplasts – Store proteins
IV. Aleuroplasts – Store oils and fats
V. Elaioplasts – Store carbohydrates
a) II and III are correct b) III and IV are correct
c) IV and V are correct d) I and II are correct
Which of the following is not relevant to the structure of double helical DNA?
a) The helix makes one completer spiral turn every 34Å
b) The diameter of the helix is 20Å
c) The distance between adjacent nucleotide is 3.4Å
d) Each strands of helix has a backbone made up of alternating ribose sugar and phosphate

NEET Biology MCQs Ch Cell [Free PDF]

NEET Biology MCQs Ch Cell – Previous year paper solved

Download NEET Biology Chapter PDFs:

📘 Math & Science Solutions by Class

🔹 Class 10

🔹 Class 9

🔹 Class 8

🔹 Class 7

🔹 Class 6

🔹 Class 12

🔹 Class 11

🔗 Explore More NEET MCQs (External Resource)