NEET MCQs Neural Control and Coordination

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Question 1
Which one is correct about the physiology of eye?
MCQ • Neural Control
a) The pressure within the eye (the intraocular pressure) is about 1.5 mm Hg (0.2 kPa)
b) When light is shone in one eye both pupils constrict
c) The pupils dilate when the eye is focused on a near object
d) The aqueous humour is an ultrafiltrate of plasma
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NEET MCQs: Neural Control and Coordination

Neural Control and Coordination is an important topic in Biology for NEET preparation. The chapter deals with the nervous system, neurons, nerve impulses, synaptic transmission, the central nervous system, peripheral nervous system, autonomic nervous system, reflex action, brain, spinal cord and sensory organs such as the eye and ear.

This page contains 40 NEET-level multiple-choice questions covering important concepts and commonly tested areas of Neural Control and Coordination. Each question has four options, followed by the correct answer and a short explanation for revision.

Try to solve the questions yourself first and then use the Show Answer button to check your response.

Topics Covered

Neuron and neural organization
Nerve impulse and conduction
Synapse and neurotransmitters
Central nervous system
Peripheral nervous system
Autonomic nervous system
Brain and its major regions
Spinal cord and reflex action
Eye and vision
Ear and hearing

Neural Control and Coordination PDF

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NEET Neural Control and Coordination MCQs

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Question 1
Which one is correct about the physiology of eye?
a) The pressure within the eye is about 1.5 mm Hg
b) When light is shone in one eye both pupils constrict
c) The pupils dilate when the eye is focused on a near object
d) The aqueous humour is not related to plasma
Correct Answer: b) When light is shone in one eye both pupils constrict.
The pupillary light reflex can cause constriction of both pupils when light is directed into one eye.
Question 2
The part of the ear where sound is transduced is:
a) Tympanic membrane
b) Malleus, incus and stapes
c) Semi-circular canals
d) Cochlea
Correct Answer: d) Cochlea.
Sound vibrations are converted into neural signals by sensory hair cells associated with the organ of Corti in the cochlea.
Question 3
You are watching a horror movie and your heart starts beating faster and your mouth becomes dry. This is mainly associated with:
a) Fight-or-flight response
b) Autonomic nervous system
c) Sympathetic nervous system
d) Both (a) and (c)
Correct Answer: d) Both (a) and (c).
The fight-or-flight response is associated with activation of the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system.
Question 4
Transmission of a nerve signal from one neuron to another at a chemical synapse involves:
a) Acetaldehyde
b) Acetylcholine
c) Acetylcholinesterase
d) Acetyl Co-A
Correct Answer: b) Acetylcholine.
Acetylcholine is a neurotransmitter that can transmit signals across certain chemical synapses. Acetylcholinesterase breaks down acetylcholine.
Question 5
A simple reflex pathway includes:
a) Only one afferent neuron
b) Only one efferent neuron
c) Afferent and efferent neurons
d) Only a receptor neuron
Correct Answer: c) Afferent and efferent neurons.
A reflex pathway carries sensory information toward the CNS and a motor response away from the CNS.
Question 6
Highly specialized cells called neurons are capable of:
a) Detecting stimuli
b) Receiving signals
c) Transmitting signals
d) All of the above
Correct Answer: d) All of the above.
Neurons are specialized for receiving and transmitting information and participate in the detection and processing of stimuli.
Question 7
If a motor nerve has a conduction velocity of 10 m s⁻¹, how long will it take an action potential to travel 0.75 m?
a) 75 ms
b) 7.5 ms
c) 0.075 ms
d) 750 ms
Correct Answer: a) 75 ms.
Time = Distance / Speed = 0.75 / 10 = 0.075 s = 75 ms.
Question 8
Which statements about the midbrain are correct?

I. It is associated with the region between the forebrain and hindbrain.
II. The cerebral aqueduct passes through it.
III. Its dorsal part contains four rounded elevations.
a) I and II
b) II and III
c) I and III
d) I, II and III
Correct Answer: d) I, II and III.
The midbrain is a part of the brainstem and the cerebral aqueduct passes through it. Its dorsal region contains the corpora quadrigemina.
Question 9
The small gap between the pre-synaptic and post-synaptic membranes is called:
a) Synaptic knob
b) Neuroreceptor gap
c) Synapse
d) Synaptic cleft
Correct Answer: d) Synaptic cleft.
The synaptic cleft is the narrow space separating the pre-synaptic and post-synaptic membranes at a chemical synapse.
Question 10
The band of fibres traditionally described as connecting the region of the corpora quadrigemina with the cerebellum is called:
a) Pons Varolii
b) Valve of Vieussens
c) Corpus callosum
d) Corpus striatum
Correct Answer: b) Valve of Vieussens.
This is the terminology used in the supplied source material for this anatomy question.
Question 11
What kind of neural organization is generally seen in lower vertebrates?
a) Simple neural system
b) Complex neural system
c) Highly developed neural system
d) No neural organization
Correct Answer: a) Simple neural system.
Compared with higher vertebrates, lower vertebrates generally have less differentiated nervous systems.
Question 12
Transmission across a typical chemical synaptic cleft is primarily:
a) A chemical event
b) A physical event
c) Only a mechanical event
d) A biological event without chemical involvement
Correct Answer: a) A chemical event.
Chemical synapses transmit information using neurotransmitters released from the pre-synaptic terminal.
Question 13
The structural and functional unit of the nervous system is:
a) Nephron
b) Neuron
c) Alveolus
d) Sarcomere
Correct Answer: b) Neuron.
Neurons are specialized cells responsible for receiving and transmitting nervous information.
Question 14
Which part of a neuron generally receives signals from other neurons?
a) Dendrites
b) Axon terminal only
c) Myelin sheath
d) Node of Ranvier only
Correct Answer: a) Dendrites.
Dendrites are specialized for receiving signals and carrying information toward the cell body.
Question 15
The long projection of a neuron that usually carries impulses away from the cell body is the:
a) Dendrite
b) Axon
c) Nucleus
d) Cell membrane
Correct Answer: b) Axon.
The axon conducts nerve impulses away from the cell body toward its terminal region.
Question 16
Myelin sheath around many axons mainly helps to:
a) Slow down nerve conduction
b) Increase the speed of impulse conduction
c) Produce neurotransmitters
d) Form synaptic clefts
Correct Answer: b) Increase the speed of impulse conduction.
Myelination permits rapid conduction of impulses along myelinated nerve fibres.
Question 17
The gaps between successive myelin sheath segments are called:
a) Synaptic knobs
b) Nodes of Ranvier
c) Neural plates
d) Dendritic gaps
Correct Answer: b) Nodes of Ranvier.
Nodes of Ranvier are gaps in the myelin sheath along a myelinated axon.
Question 18
Which division of the nervous system includes the brain and spinal cord?
a) Peripheral nervous system
b) Central nervous system
c) Autonomic nervous system only
d) Somatic nervous system only
Correct Answer: b) Central nervous system.
The central nervous system consists of the brain and spinal cord.
Question 19
The peripheral nervous system consists mainly of:
a) Brain only
b) Spinal cord only
c) Nerves outside the central nervous system
d) Cerebellum only
Correct Answer: c) Nerves outside the central nervous system.
The peripheral nervous system connects the CNS with the rest of the body.
Question 20
The sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions are parts of the:
a) Autonomic nervous system
b) Skeletal system
c) Central nervous system only
d) Sensory receptor system
Correct Answer: a) Autonomic nervous system.
The autonomic nervous system regulates many involuntary functions through sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions.
Question 21
Which part of the brain is primarily associated with intelligence, memory, reasoning and conscious activities?
a) Cerebrum
b) Medulla
c) Spinal cord
d) Cerebellum only
Correct Answer: a) Cerebrum.
The cerebrum is involved in higher mental functions and conscious activities.
Question 22
Which part of the brain helps maintain posture, balance and coordination of voluntary movements?
a) Cerebellum
b) Cerebrum
c) Hypothalamus
d) Medulla only
Correct Answer: a) Cerebellum.
The cerebellum plays an important role in maintaining posture, balance and coordination of movements.
Question 23
Which part of the brain contains important centres involved in regulation of breathing and cardiovascular activities?
a) Medulla oblongata
b) Cerebellum
c) Cerebrum
d) Optic lobe only
Correct Answer: a) Medulla oblongata.
The medulla contains centres involved in several vital involuntary functions.
Question 24
The hypothalamus is particularly important in maintaining:
a) Homeostasis
b) Hearing only
c) Skeletal muscle structure
d) Bone formation
Correct Answer: a) Homeostasis.
The hypothalamus participates in regulation of several homeostatic functions including temperature, hunger and water balance.
Question 25
A reflex action is best described as:
a) A slow voluntary response
b) A rapid automatic response to a stimulus
c) A response that never involves the CNS
d) A hormonal response only
Correct Answer: b) A rapid automatic response to a stimulus.
Reflex actions provide rapid responses to particular stimuli through neural pathways called reflex arcs.
Question 26
The sensory neuron in a reflex arc carries impulses:
a) From CNS to receptor
b) From receptor toward CNS
c) From muscle to gland only
d) From brain to spinal cord only
Correct Answer: b) From receptor toward CNS.
Sensory or afferent neurons carry information from receptors toward the central nervous system.
Question 27
Motor or efferent neurons carry impulses:
a) Toward the CNS
b) Away from the CNS toward effectors
c) Only within the brain
d) Only between sensory receptors
Correct Answer: b) Away from the CNS toward effectors.
Motor neurons carry commands from the CNS to muscles or glands.
Question 28
Which structure contains photoreceptor cells responsible for detecting light?
a) Retina
b) Cornea
c) Sclera
d) Iris only
Correct Answer: a) Retina.
The retina contains rods and cones, which are photoreceptor cells.
Question 29
Rod cells of the retina are especially important for:
a) Dim-light vision
b) Colour vision only
c) Hearing
d) Balance
Correct Answer: a) Dim-light vision.
Rods are highly sensitive to low levels of light and are important for vision in dim conditions.
Question 30
Cones in the retina are mainly associated with:
a) Colour vision
b) Balance
c) Smell
d) Hearing
Correct Answer: a) Colour vision.
Cone cells function mainly in brighter light and are responsible for colour vision.
Question 31
The auditory receptor cells are located in the:
a) Organ of Corti
b) Retina
c) Iris
d) Cornea
Correct Answer: a) Organ of Corti.
The organ of Corti contains sensory hair cells involved in hearing.
Question 32
The semicircular canals of the inner ear are mainly associated with:
a) Hearing
b) Dynamic balance
c) Colour vision
d) Smell
Correct Answer: b) Dynamic balance.
The semicircular canals detect rotational movements and contribute to maintenance of balance.
Question 33
Which neurotransmitter is released at many neuromuscular junctions?
a) Acetylcholine
b) Haemoglobin
c) Insulin
d) Thyroxine
Correct Answer: a) Acetylcholine.
Acetylcholine is the neurotransmitter released at the neuromuscular junction of skeletal muscle.
Question 34
Which event occurs immediately after arrival of an action potential at the pre-synaptic terminal of a typical chemical synapse?
a) Neurotransmitter release
b) Formation of bone
c) Contraction of the pupil only
d) Digestion of food
Correct Answer: a) Neurotransmitter release.
Arrival of an action potential at the presynaptic terminal triggers processes leading to release of neurotransmitter into the synaptic cleft.
Question 35
Which division of the nervous system is primarily responsible for voluntary control of skeletal muscles?
a) Somatic nervous system
b) Autonomic nervous system
c) Endocrine system
d) Limbic system only
Correct Answer: a) Somatic nervous system.
The somatic nervous system is associated with voluntary control of skeletal muscles.
Question 36
Which division generally prepares the body for a fight-or-flight response?
a) Sympathetic division
b) Parasympathetic division
c) Somatic sensory division
d) Visual pathway
Correct Answer: a) Sympathetic division.
Sympathetic activation is associated with the body’s fight-or-flight response.
Question 37
Which structure connects the two cerebral hemispheres?
a) Corpus callosum
b) Medulla
c) Pons
d) Cerebellum
Correct Answer: a) Corpus callosum.
The corpus callosum is a major fibre bundle connecting the two cerebral hemispheres.
Question 38
Which of the following is an example of a sensory receptor?
a) Photoreceptor
b) Red blood cell
c) Platelet
d) Osteocyte only
Correct Answer: a) Photoreceptor.
Photoreceptors detect light stimuli and are present in the retina.
Question 39
Which of the following is a correct sequence for a simple sensory response?
a) Receptor → sensory neuron → CNS → motor neuron → effector
b) Effector → receptor → CNS → sensory neuron
c) CNS → receptor → sensory neuron → effector
d) Motor neuron → receptor → CNS → sensory neuron
Correct Answer: a) Receptor → sensory neuron → CNS → motor neuron → effector.
A receptor detects the stimulus, sensory neurons carry information to the CNS, and motor neurons carry the response toward the effector.
Question 40
Which statement about a chemical synapse is correct?
a) It always transmits signals in both directions
b) Neurotransmitters participate in transmission
c) It contains no gap between neurons
d) It does not involve receptor proteins
Correct Answer: b) Neurotransmitters participate in transmission.
Chemical synapses use neurotransmitters released from the presynaptic neuron to communicate with the postsynaptic cell.

Quick Revision Notes: Neural Control and Coordination

1. Neuron

  • Neuron is the basic functional unit of the nervous system.
  • Dendrites generally receive signals.
  • The axon generally carries impulses away from the cell body.
  • Myelin helps in rapid conduction of nerve impulses.
  • Nodes of Ranvier occur between myelinated segments.

2. Central Nervous System

  • The CNS consists of the brain and spinal cord.
  • The brain is involved in integration and control of many activities.
  • The spinal cord participates in reflex actions and neural communication.

3. Peripheral Nervous System

  • The PNS connects the CNS with different parts of the body.
  • Sensory pathways carry information toward the CNS.
  • Motor pathways carry commands away from the CNS.

4. Autonomic Nervous System

  • The autonomic nervous system controls many involuntary functions.
  • The sympathetic division is associated with fight-or-flight responses.
  • The parasympathetic division generally supports rest-and-digest functions.

5. Reflex Action

  • A reflex action is a rapid automatic response to a stimulus.
  • The pathway followed by a reflex response is called a reflex arc.
  • Sensory neurons carry information toward the CNS.
  • Motor neurons carry commands toward effectors.

6. Eye

  • The retina contains rods and cones.
  • Rods are important for vision in dim light.
  • Cones are associated with colour vision.
  • The pupillary light reflex involves changes in pupil diameter.

7. Ear

  • The cochlea is associated with hearing.
  • The organ of Corti contains sensory hair cells.
  • The semicircular canals contribute to maintenance of balance.

Important NEET Facts to Remember

Neuron: Basic functional unit of the nervous system.
CNS: Brain and spinal cord.
Synaptic cleft: Narrow gap between pre-synaptic and post-synaptic membranes.
Cerebellum: Important for coordination, posture and balance.
Medulla: Contains centres involved in important involuntary functions.
Retina: Contains rods and cones.
Cochlea: Associated with hearing.
Semicircular canals: Associated with dynamic balance.
Sympathetic division: Associated with fight-or-flight response.
Acetylcholine: Important neurotransmitter involved in several neural and neuromuscular synapses.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is Neural Control and Coordination?

Neural control and coordination refers to the role of the nervous system in receiving information, processing signals and coordinating appropriate responses in the body.

What is a neuron?

A neuron is a specialized cell of the nervous system that receives, processes and transmits information through electrical and chemical signals.

What is a synapse?

A synapse is a functional junction through which a neuron communicates with another neuron or an effector cell. In a chemical synapse, neurotransmitters participate in signal transmission.

What is a reflex action?

A reflex action is a rapid and automatic response to a stimulus that occurs through a neural pathway called a reflex arc.

Which part of the brain controls balance and coordination?

The cerebellum plays an important role in maintaining balance, posture and coordination of voluntary movements.

What is the function of the sympathetic nervous system?

The sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system is associated with the body’s fight-or-flight response.

Where are rods and cones found?

Rods and cones are photoreceptor cells located in the retina of the eye.

Which part of the ear is responsible for hearing?

The cochlea contains the sensory structures involved in hearing, including the organ of Corti.

NEET Preparation Tip:

First attempt all 40 questions without checking the answers. Mark the questions you found difficult and revise the relevant topic from your NCERT Biology textbook. Then attempt the questions again to check your improvement.

NEET MCQs Neural Control and Coordination
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